Jacksonian Democracy (11-1)
The practice of replacing existing non-elected government workers with loyal supporters of the winning candidate.
What is the Spoils System?
This vocabulary term means a tax placed on foreign imported goods to protect domestic industries.
What is a Tariff?
The forced march of 16,000 Cherokee west to Oklahoma, resulting in roughly 4,000 deaths from cold, hunger, and disease.
What is the Trail of Tears?
Andrew Jackson used this constitutional power to reject the bill renewing the charter of the Second Bank of the United States.
What is a Veto?
Jackson supporters accused John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay of making this deal to steal the presidency in the Election of 1824.
What is the "Corrupt Bargain"?
This term refers to receiving the largest single share of votes in an election, but less than an absolute majority.
What is Plurality
This Southern state passed the Nullification Act threatening to secede from the United States over high tariff rates.
What is South Carolina?
In Worcester v. Georgia, Chief Justice John Marshall ruled that this government body, not state governments, held sole authority over Cherokee lands.
What is the federal government?
This wealthy, highly educated Philadelphia banker was the president of the Second Bank of the United States and Jackson's chief economic rival.
Who is Nicholas Biddle?
This economic depression hit shortly after Martin Van Buren took office in 1837, causing bank failures and high unemployment.
What is the Panic of 1837?
During the 1820s, democratic rights expanded because states eliminated this requirement for voting.
What is property ownership (or land-owning)?
This Vice President under Jackson championed states' rights and argued that states could nullify unconstitutional federal laws.
Who is John C. Calhoun?
Chief John Ross petitioned Congress to reject this 1835 treaty because it was signed by an unauthorized group of only 500 Cherokee.
What is the Treaty of New Echota?
Henry Clay and Daniel Webster persuaded Biddle to apply early for a bank charter renewal in 1832 because they expected Jackson's veto to cause him to lose this.
What is the 1832 Presidential Election (or popular support)?
President Van Buren responded to the Panic of 1837 using this economic philosophy, which means government should interfere as little as possible in the economy.
What is Laissez-faire?
Jacksonian Democrats replaced closed congressional caucuses with these public party gatherings where state delegates selected presidential candidates.
What are Nominating Conventions?
Northern factory owners favored protective tariffs because they protected domestic manufacturing from this.
What is foreign competition?
The Seminole tribe in Florida successfully resisted military removal by using this style of fighting involving surprise attacks and quick retreats into swamps.
What are Guerrilla Tactics?
Jackson "killed" the National Bank before its charter expired by ordering the withdrawal of all federal deposits into these state institutions.
What are state banks (or "pet banks")?
The Whig Party used the log cabin symbol and the slogan "Tippecanoe and Tyler Too" to elect this War of 1812 hero in 1840.
Who is William Henry Harrison?
Andrew Jackson justified the Spoils System by arguing that rotating government jobs prevented this system of non-elected officials from taking over.
What is a Bureaucracy?
President Jackson resolved the Nullification Crisis using a dual strategy: lowering tariff rates and passing this law allowing military force to enforce federal law.
What is the Force Bill?
This Sauk chieftain led a group of Sauk and Fox people back to Illinois in 1832 to reclaim their tribal farmlands before being forced west.
Who is Black Hawk?
Critics of Andrew Jackson published cartoons depicting him as this monarch ("King Andrew the First") because he repeatedly bypassed Congress and the Supreme Court.
What is a dictator (or tyrant/king)?
Vice President John Tyler was expelled from the Whig Party shortly after taking office as president because he did this to key Whig bills.
What is vetoed them?