Industry
What is the Industrial Revolution?
Machines gradually taking the place of human workers
What was the greatest source of wealth in the United States?
Cotton
What happened to many of the families of enslaved people?
Families were broken up and sold to different slave owners
Why were new roads needed?
To transport goods faster
What is the invention that allows messages to be sent quickly over long distances by sending electrical signals along a wire?
Telegraph
What is urbanization?
The movement of people to cities
What happened to the number of immigrants coming to the United States?
The immigrant population rose
What type of punishment did enslaved people receive?
Physical punishment / whipping
What inventions made travel easier for Americans?
Steamboat, clipper ship & railroads
Who was Eli Whittney?
Inventor of the cotton gin and interchangeable parts
What types of health hazards were experienced while working in textile factories?
Breathing problems, physical injuries, bad eyesight
What was life like for African Americans in the North?
Faced discrimination even though slavery was over, but equal treatment still wasn’t upheld
What did enslaved people work as/ what were their jobs?
Skilled workers (sometimes), housekeepers, butlers, nannies, and servants
Why were canals needed?
Fastest and cheapest way to transport goods was by water - many rivers ran north/ south, canals connected them east/west
What is the denial of equal rights or equal treatment to certain groups of people?
Discrimination
How did industrialization cause urbanization?
People no longer had to work on farms - factories could be built in cities
Why were people leaving their home countries?
Famine, harsh rulers in Germany, & other various reasons
What is the Missouri Compromise?
In trying to keep the amount of slave and free states even, Maine was to be a free state and Missouri to be a slave state.
What part of the United States is the “backcountry”?
Area between the Atlantic coast and the Appalachians
What did the cotton gin do?
Cotton gin: removed seeds from the cotton fiber
Why were women and children more likely to work in textile factories than men?
Cheaper labor, only opportunity to make money that they had, men didn’t want to work in factories
What are some restrictions that free African Americans in the south had to abide by (follow)?
Only work menial jobs, their children could not attend public schools, couldn’t vote, couldn’t serve on juries, testify against whites in court, discouraged from travel
Was slavery in the south accepted?
Yes it was and Northerners looked down on this
What was difficult about the journey going westward?
Travelers encountered deer, bison, bad roads which were unpaved and muddy
Why were interchangeable parts revolutionary?
Interchangeable parts created a system where one part of a machine that isn’t working can be replaced rather than the whole machine