Theory of Aging
Older adults do not have the best ability to block out irrelevant stimulation
What is the Inhibition theory?
Researched Changes in Working Memory
What did Göthe, Oberauer, and Kliegl do?
Age has little effect
What is semantic memory?
Older adults will demonstrate equivalent memory accuracy to younger adults
What is a nonsuggestive method?
Older adults who engage in complex mental activity on a regular basis are more likely to preserve function
What is the Use-it-or-lose-it hypothesis?
Age-related declines are caused because the older person’s cognitive processing does not work as quickly as those of younger adults
What is the Processing speed theory
visual-motor task
What was task 1?
Studies of general knowledge find older adults outperform younger adults
What is Semantic memory?
–Older participants showed a bigger misinformation effect than did younger participants
What is suggestibility in older adults?
Conducted numerous studies that show certain behaviors tend to alleviate some age-related memory declines
Who is Dixon and Salthouse?
Older adults have more difficulty recognizing melodies when they are played at a fast tempo but no differences at a slower tempo
What is the lexical decision test for the Processing Speed Theory?
a simple numerical task
What was Task 2?
Older adults show:No differences in recognition and Usually worse at recall
What is episodic?
Many studies have shown that older adults have a deficit in source memory
What is Misattribution of Source?
Education and lifestyle
what are buffers against memory declines and other cognitive declines in old age?
Older adults take longer on lexical decision tasks
What was the result of the study done on the Processing Speed Theory?
Older and younger adults learned this task with equal ease
What was learned?
Rhodes, Castel, and Jacoby researched this
What is episodic memory?
Fthey are more likely to think that an imagined event was real
What is Reality Monitoring?
found that memory training led to improvements in the recall of stories
Who is Craik?
Darowski et al. (2008) asked younger and older participants to read short texts
What was the study done on the Inhibition Theory?
Younger adults are better at multi-tasking than older adults
What are the implications of the research done on changes on working memory?
Older adults and younger adults performed at the same level in this task
What is episodic memory?
more likely to confuse the source of a real memory
What is source monitoring error?
Bundles of neurons that connect one area of the brain to another
What are White matter tracts?