Film Criticism
According to Williams, this would result in bad filmmaking
Inauthentic/ Disingenuous attempts at objectivity
The repressed nature that formed throughout France from being in a captive state led to this cinematic development
Escapist Cinema
This director returned to France following a string of Hollywood films that stifled his creativity.
Who is Jean Renoir?
Jacques Becker
Alexandre Astrid coined this term for a “new age of cinema” as a way to “express thoughts like that in a novel or essay”
camera-stylo
This critic believed that French film had become too escapist and needed to return to a true expression of the country’s society.
Who is André Bazin?
André Bazin believed this would save French cinema from American dominance in the film industry
Rediscovering an authentic expression of French society
This director retreated from mainstream filmmaking, maintaining his linear, narratively motivated style
Jean Cocteau
This director began work on his first feature film at the age of 31, after having primarily worked in non-fiction filmmaking, marking him as a young newcomer.
Who is René Clément?
In this chapter and the period after the Liberation, these two film styles/genres were at odds in French cinema
Tradition of Quality (realism, documentary, location-shooting, direct engagement with social issues), versus Poetic Realism (fantastical narratives, studio atmosphere from the 1930s and earlier.
This magazine, created by these 3 directors, served as an Esprit for cinema, for young writers to utilize as an outlet, which revolutionized French film critique
Les Cahiers Du Cinéma by André Bazin in collaboration with Jacques Doniol-Valcroze and Lo Duca
André Malraux's L’espoir/Man's Hope, although critically acclaimed, was a commercial failure and served as a prelude to this influential film movement.
Neorealism
This aging legend returned to the cinema during the Occupation of France to help his lover, actor Jean Marais, become a film star
Jean Cocteau
This cinematic visionary refused to use professional actors, instead opting for what he called “models”
Robert Bresson
This was a reason why Bresson preferred “models” to trained actors
non-conscious atomism, more natural
This was the industry's dominant moral aesthetic trend, according to Francois Truffaut
Psychological realism and its stark contrast between exemplary figures and artisans
The contrast in Renoir's post-war American work and his pre-war films are due to these reasons
Lack of sharp well delineated character outlines and / lack of control in america over editing and scene obstruction
Jean Renoir's film style changed in these ways following his time in America
It became more optimistic, individual and family-oriented, expressed more the emotional lives of his characters.
Contributing to the failure of his movie Playtime (1937), this director refused to allow any theatre that was not equipped to show his original 70-mm, stereophonic version
Jacques Tati
This film by René Clément won two awards at the Cannes Film Festival and uses real-life workers in place of actors
"La Bataille du Rail" (1944)
François Truffaut is attacking these ideas in "A Certain Tendency of French Cinema" (1954)
Tradition of Quality in French cinema, dependency on screenwriters over auteurs, and conventional, safe, predictable plots.
Neorealist film is characterized which four qualities
The use of nonprofessional actors, shooting on location, analysis of class and status, and narratives centered on everyday life and the common man?
This film by Jacques Becker pays homage to the aging legend Jean Renoir, via tracking shots and close ups, to name a few
Casque d'Or (Golden Headpiece), (1952)
Newcomer director René Clemént saw this as the/his ultimate goal of the cinematic medium:
Hint: (The expression of)
Style
These are 2 possible explanations for why a Neorealist movement developed in Italy and not in France
Any 2 are correct: Less resistance to innovation in film form and subject matter in Italy, film budgets were smaller in Italy, more independent producers with more financial resources and artistic ambitions in Italy, less regulation in Italy, economic barriers in France, competition from America, French quality cinema contrasting sharply with Neorealism.