Mitosis Vocab
Cells spend most of their time in....
interphase
What step in the cell cycle is defective if the cell contains multiple nuclei?
What is...
cytokinesis
What is...
Four haploid cells
When a sperm and egg combine during fertilization, the resulting embryo has _____
What is...
half of the mother's genetic information and half of the father's
In which cell type is a cell plate present during cytokinesis?
What is...
Plant cells
Correct order for the Mitotic cell cycle
What is...
G1
S
G2
M
During mitosis, it is necessary for the nuclear envelope of the parent cell to disintegrate. This is accomplished in part by phosphorylation of proteins associated with the nuclear envelope. If the enzyme responsible for that phosphorylation event is inhibited, at which phase of mitosis are cells likely to arrest?
What is...
Prophase
Crossing over occurs _____.
(to what? when?)
What is...
between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes during late prophase 1
A cell has a total of 24 diploid chromosomes. How many different types of chromosomes are there? Write the ploidy equation!
What is...
12 different types
2n=24
Mitotic spindle fibers are composed of what cellular components?
What is...
Microtubules
Why do we need to do mitosis? (3 answers)
What is...
1. Growth
2. Would repair
3. Asexual reporduction
A certain species of animal has six pairs of chromosomes. How many sister chromatids do the nuclei of these animals have during G2 phase?
What is...
24
The creation of new combinations of alleles is the process of _____________
What is...
genetic recombination (the result of crossing over)
Some males have an abnormal karyotype consisting of 47 chromosomes with an extra Y chromosome. This condition is most likely caused by _____.
What is...
nondisjunction in the production of the male gamete
How could you distinguish human mitotic cells from human meiotic cells?
What is...
By counting the number of daughter cells resulting from mitotic and meiotic division
If a cell can't pass a checkpoint in the cell cycle it does what...
What is...
Apoptosis
Many cancers are due to the failure of cells to properly regulate the _____ checkpoint during the cell cycle.
What is...
G1
Correct order of the phases in the meiotic M phase
What is...
Early Prophase 1
Late Prophase 1
Metaphase 1
Anaphase 1
Telophase 1
Cytokinesis
Prophase 2
Metaphase 2
Anaphase 2
Telophase 2
Cytokinesis
At the end of DNA replication a cell contains 100 picograms of nuclear DNA. If this cell undergoes meiosis, how much nuclear DNA will be in each daughter cell?
What is...
25 picograms
Although the chromosomes are visible in the processes of mitosis and meiosis using a light microscope, the process of DNA replication is not. Why?
What is...
Individual chromosomes are visible in a light microscope only after condensation, which occurs during prophase of mitosis.
What is the name of unreplicated DNA wrapped around globular histone proteins?
What is...
Chromatin
Taxol is a drug that stabilizes microtubules and prevents them from depolymerizing. Consequently, cells treated with taxol fail to complete mitosis. What is the last stage of mitosis that taxol-treated cells are likely to complete?
What is...
Metaphase
Genetic Variation in sexual reproduction results from...(3 answers)
What is...
Independent assortment
Crossing over
Random combination of egg and sperm
The cells that produce sperm in humans contain 46 chromosomes. If one of these cells undergoes meiosis to form sperm cells, and chromosomal nondisjunction occurs for chromosome 22 during meiosis II, what is the chromosome number in each of the resulting sperm? (4 numbers)
What is...
24, 24, 22, and 22
If a fatal disease were to infect a grove of aspen trees that reproduced asexually, what would happen to the grove of trees?
What is...
The entire grove would die as a result of infection.