Volcanoes
Seismic
Earthquakes
Rocks
Soil
100
Describe what a shield volcano looks like?
gentle slopes, flattening near summit, upwardly convex shape. balsaltic magma
100
What is the strength of the seismic waves of an earthquake?
magnitude.
100
What is the beginning point of an earthquake?
The focus.
100
What is the process of breaking down rocks?
Weathering.
100
What is a delta?
Area of mouth of river where sediment is deposited.
200
What is a volcanic eruption of hot water and steam?
A geyser.
200
What are seismic waves?
vibrations that come from an earthquake.
200
How is the earthquake's magnitude measured?
The Richter scale calculates an earthquake's magnitude (size) from the amplitude of the earthquake's largest seismic wave recorded by a seismograph.
200
What is chemical weathering and examples?
Transforming rocks into new substances: oxidation, carbonic acid, acid rain, lichens.
200
What type of scientist studies soil?
Pedologist.
300
What is tephra?
mixture of cinder, ash, and rock.
300
What does a seismologist study?
earthquakes and seismic waves
300
What forms where a crack in the earth's crust allows magma and gases to come to the surface?
earthquake
300
What is mechanical weathering and examples?
Physically breaking rocks into smaller pieces: frost wedging, frost heaving, pressure release, exfoliation, abrasion.
300
What is the primary force behind erosion?
gravity
400
What is magma?
molten rock.
400
What detects, times, and measures the movement of the earth?
seismograph
400
What are breaks in the earth's surface along which rock can move?
fault.
400
What is the rock cycle?
Term that scientists use to explain theory of changing rock: sedimentary, igneous, metamorphic.
400
What forms when unmelted snow gets compacted down into ice?
Glacier.
500
What is a group of many volcanoes located around the edges of the Pacific Ocean?
Ring of fire.
500
What measures the strength of the seismic waves of an earthquake?
Richter Scales
500
Where is the epicenter of an earthquake?
Directly above the focus.
500
What is a spelunker?
Cave explorer.
500
What is soil texture?
The way soil feels based on how much sand (largest), silt, and clay (smallest) are in the soil.