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Anything that occupies space and has mass (weight)
Has physical chemical properties
Exist in the form of a solid , liquid or gas
Matter
Simplest form of matter
cannot be reduced without loss of identity
98 naturally occurring
Identified by a letter symbol COHNS
Elements
The study of substances that contain carbon
all living or formerly living things contain carbon
all hair color products , chemical texturizers , shampoos, conditioners, styling aids
not all are healthy or safe
Organic Chemistry
What does COHNS stand for
Carbon
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Sulfur
The chemical combinations of two or more atoms
Molecules
The basic unit of matter, with a nucleus at the center
Protons (P) Positive charge
Neutrons ( N) No charge
Atom
What are The states of matter
Solid, liquid, gas
Determined without a chemical reaction ( color, odor, weight, density)
Physical Properties
The substances that do not contain the element carbon but may contain the element hydrogen
do not burn because they do not contain carbon
are not and never was alive
Inorganic Chemistry
Determined with a chemical reaction (change identity - rusting iron, burning wood)
Chemical properties
The form is changed without becoming a new substance
Example: Solid ice melts and becomes water
Physical change
The science that deals with the composition structures, and properties of matter and how matter changes under different conditions
Chemistry
also known as redox
a chemical reaction in which the oxidizing agent is reduced (by losing oxygen) and the reducing agent is oxidized ( by gaining oxygen)
Oxidation-Reduction
A substance that releases oxygen
hydrogen peroxide ( an oxidizing agent) can be thought of as water with an extra atom of oxygen
Oxidizing Agent
A change in the chemical composition or makeup of a substance
Example : Burning wood turns into ashes
Chemical change
A chemical reaction that combines a substance with oxygen to produce an oxide
Example: wood turns into charcoal after it has burned
Oxidation
A substance that adds hydrogen to a chemical compound or substracts oxygen from the compound
Reducing Agent