Definitions
Is the study of how drugs and chemicals affect the body's function.
What is Pharmacology?
Bind water based and oil-based ingredients together in a uniform product.
Emulsifiers
Cosmetics with a pharmaceutical-like action
Cosmeceuticals
What does PH measure?
PH measures the acidity or alkalinity of the solution.
When introduced to the skin they have a therapeutic or beneficial effect, such as healing, hydrating, soothing, exfoliating, or anti-aging.
What is performance ingredient.
Study how different chemicals interact and how ingredients are mixed to produce products.
Chemistry
What is the smallest AHA?
What AHA is second largest in molecular weight?
Glycolic
Mandelic
The lower the PH=
The higher the PH=
What is our skin PH at?
Acidic
Alkaline
Acidic 4.5-5.5
Certain ingredients will be added to cosmetic formulations to ensure their microbiological safety and stability.
What are preservatives?
Ingredient's ability to travel into and or through the stratum corneum depends on what
Molecular size
Structure
Capacity to metabolically interact with the skin's chemistry and cellular receptors.
What percentage of Lactic acid for at home use will cause dermal thickness?
12%
What is the PH that esthetician can use in the treatment room for AHAs and BHAs?
What is the PH that a client can purchase AHAS OTC.
BHAs OTC
AHAS ph= minimum 3
BHAs ph= minimum 3
OTC for AHAS is up to 10%
BHAS up to 2%
These types of colors are approved to be used in drugs and cosmetics, including those that come into contact with the mucous membranes and are not ingested.
D&C
What does Parfum on the product label mean?
What would be recommended for sensitive skin clients?
The product contains fragrance. Fragrances are added to cosmetics to provide a particular aroma, to mask a chemical odor, or simply to give the product a particular market position.
Hypoallergenic are without fragrance.
Name all the benefits of AHAs usage
Skin moisturization
Stratum Corneum Exfoliation
promote healthy, softer, smoother and more hydrated skin. Promote collagen deposition and glycosaminoglycans.
Reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.
Diminish pore size
Improve sun-damaged skin
etc.
What are free acids?
What are partially neutralization formulations?
refers to Un neutralized acids.
allows the formulators to design products that deliver higher concentrations of acid to the skin without significantly increasing irritation potential.
U.S formulators use ______ certified and _____ certification- exempt colors.
35
29
Tell me the difference between Phamaceutical Ingredients and Cosmetic Performance Ingredients.
Pharmaceutical ingredients are permitted to penetrate and be absorbed into the dermis and from there be carried into the blood stream through the capillary system.
Cosmetic performance ingredients are intended to stay within the skin structure and not pass into the body.
Glycolic is derived from.
Lactic is derived from.
Malic is derived from.
Tartaric is derived from.
Citric acid is derived from.
Mandelic acid is derived from.
Sugar Cane
Sour Milk
Apples
Grapes
Citrus fruits
Define es and esterification and polymerization.
Esterification is a condensation reaction of an alcohol and an acid to yield an ester and water.
Polymerization is the process of linking monomers such as amino acids and hydrocarbons creating larger molecules with less penetration ability.