SCIENTISTS & EXPERIMENTS
This scientist discovered transformation using bacteria and mice.
Griffin
The shape of DNA is called a __________.
Double helix
A
pairs with this base
Thymine
The process of copying DNA.
Replication
DNA is found here in eukaryotic cells.
Nucleus
What happens if DNA is missing a piece?
Genetic information is lost
This scientist proved DNA is the transforming factor.
Avery
The three parts of a nucleotide.
Phosphate, sugar (deoxyribose), base
G pairs with this base.
Cytosine
The enzyme that builds new DNA strands.
DNA polymerase
DNA shape in prokaryotes.
Circular
DNA is like a book because it __________.
Stores and passes information
These scientists used radioactive phosphorus and sulfur in their experiment.
Hershey and Chase
The type of bonds that hold DNA strands together.
Hydrogen bonds
Complete the strand: ATCG → ______
TAGC
The area where DNA is unzipping and copying.
Replication fork
Number of replication starting points in prokaryotes.
One
What would happen if DNA polymerase did not proofread?
More mutations/errors
These viruses were used in the Hershey and Chase experiment.
Bacteriophages
Why adenine cannot pair with guanine.
Both are the same size (purines / too large)
Chargaff’s rule states that A = ___ and G = ___.
T and C
This type of replication means each DNA molecule has one old and one new strand.
Semi-conservative
Number of replication starting points in eukaryotes.
Multiple
Why hydrogen bonds are important for replication.
They allow DNA to separate easily
If BOTH radioactive phosphorus and sulfur were found inside bacteria, what would that suggest?
Both DNA and protein entered the cell
This scientist used X-ray diffraction to study DNA.
Rosalind Franklin
Why base pairing is important in DNA replication.
Ensures accurate copying of DNA
What must happen before DNA strands can separate?
Hydrogen bonds must break and DNA must unwind
Why eukaryotic replication is more complex.
Larger DNA, multiple origins, tightly packed chromosomes
Predict: If protein carried genetic information instead of DNA, what would Hershey & Chase have observed?
Radioactive sulfur would be found inside the bacteria