Structure and Function
This is the name of a typical nervous system cell.
Neuron
Synapse
This part of the brain processes sensory information, allowing for conscious perception
cerebral cortex
These structures in the membrane regulate the movement of ions to generate an electrical signal
ion channels
These small changes in membrane potential occur before an action potential and vary in strength based on the stimulus.
graded potentials
This system is responsible for conscious perception and voluntary motor responses.
Somatic, SNS
These supporting cells maintain the environment around neurons.
glial cells
When sensory information is passed between neurons, this type of signal diffuses across the synapse.
chemical signal
The action potential begins when this process causes the inside of the membrane to become more positive
depolarization
The name of a neuron that is receiving a signal.
postsynaptic neuron
Within the Peripheral Nervous System, the collection of neuron cell bodies is called this.
Ganglion
This class of neuron has one axon and two or more dendrites (usually many more, however).
Multipolar.
Sensory signals travel to the brain through this type of neural pathway
sensory pathway
**DAILY DOUBLE** These small gaps between myelinated sections of an axon allow for faster signal transmission.
nodes of Ranvier
These chemical ligands are released at the synapse and may have an excitatory or inhibitory effect.
neurotransmitters
The functional divisions of the nervous system are divided into sensation, integration, and ___________.
response
In the central nervous system, these glial cells provide myelin insulation to neurons.
oligodendrocytes
The transmission of a sensory signal this type of signal traveling along the neuron’s axon
electrical signal
After depolarization, the membrane returns to its resting state through this process
repolarization
This is the name for the overall change in the membrane potential
summation
This other system is responsible for your digestive tract, controlling smooth muscle and glandular tissue.
Enteric, (ENS)
These glial cells in the CNS help filter blood to produce cerebrospinal fluid
ependymal cells
**DAILY DOUBLE** Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the myelin sheath that insulates nerve fibers in the central nervous system, disrupting electrical signal transmission. What is the name given to the tissue that has been damaged/scarred?
sclera, plaques, lesions
The difference in this type of ion’s concentration inside and outside the neuron primarily drives the repolarization phase
potassium, (K+)
This type of postsynaptic potential increases the chance of a neuron firing an action potential
excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)