Native Americans
What animal was used by Native Americans for food, clothing and shelter and was central to their entire way of life.
Bison or buffalo
Pioneer farmers lived in unusual houses. What were they called?
Sod houses or soddys
When money is in short supply causing its value to increase and prices to drop this is an economic situation known by what name?
Deflation
What is the only time cowboys would fire their guns?
To protect their herds
What is the tall grassland area in the middle part of the United States known as?
Great Plains
What American colonel's troops were defeated at the Battle of Little Bighorn?
George Custer
What was the purpose of the Homestead Act?
Encourage families to develop and settle the Plains/West
Who was the candidate of both the Populist Party and the Democrats in the 1896 election?
William Jennings Bryan
Name one way Mexican vaqueros influenced American cowboys
Clothing, language, food they ate
assimilation
This law was supposed to "Americanize" Native Americans by encouraging in them the desire to own property and to farm reservation land distributed to their families.
Dawes Act
Why did little of the free land offered by the Homestead Act end up being claimed by settlers?
It was taken by land speculators or people seeking profits.
What organization was started by Oliver Hudson Kelly?
The Grange
What was the process of getting cattle from south Texas to cow towns known as?
Long Drive
Where were peaceful Cheyenne and Arapaho attacked without warning by the U.S. army and more then 150 of them lost their lives?
Sand Creek Massacre
Leader of the Hunkpapa Sioux who never signed the Treaty of 1868 or any other treaty with the federal government.
Sitting Bull
What law helped start up agricultural colleges?
Morrill Land Grant Act
Who won the 1896 election because he had the support of the East and Midwest?
William McKinley
Name one of the major cow towns mentioned in the chapter.
Abilene, Sedalia, Dodge City
What brought about the end of Populism?
1896 Election victory of McKinley
This resulted when the U.S. Army fired cannons on 300 plus starving & freezing Native Americans leaving most of them dead.
Massacre at Wounded Knee
A massive single crop farm owned by railroad companies and private investors was called by what name?
Bonanza farm
cause inflation
What is most responsible for bringing about an end to the open range?
Barbed wire
Former slaves from the South who settled on the Great Plains (especially Kansas) were known by what name?
Exodusters