Key Terms
This term refers to the Renaissance outside of Italy, marked by blending classical learning with Christian faith.
What is the Northern Renaissance?
A Dutch Christian Humanist who wrote In Praise of Folly.
Who is Erasmus?
This allowed Renaissance ideas to spread faster than ever before.
What is the printing press?
Erasmus believed the best way to reform the Church was through this.
What is returning to the teachings of Christ and the Bible?
In Utopia, More criticized this group for hoarding wealth while others suffered.
Who are the rich/greedy?
A document sold by the Church said to reduce punishment for sins.
What are indulgences?
This English scholar wrote Utopia.
Who is Thomas More?
The Church sold these to raise money, sparking Luther’s protest.
What are indulgences?
Christian Humanists focused on this kind of reform rather than rebellion.
What is moral/religious reform within the Church?
He is credited with stating, “As soon as a coin in the coffer rings, the soul from purgatory springs.”
Who is Johann Tetzel?
The invention that allowed ideas to spread quickly across Europe, fueling both the Renaissance and the Reformation.
What is the printing press?
He nailed the Ninety-Five Theses to the church door in Wittenberg in 1517.
Who is Martin Luther?
This type of Humanism focused on man’s dignity, worth, and worldly achievements.
What is Italian Humanism?
This Humanist criticized greed and inequality in society.
Who is Thomas More?
Geography influenced Italian humanism through proximity to this cultural heritage.
What is classical Rome and Greece?
The belief system that emphasized returning to classical texts while also reforming the Church from within.
What is Christian Humanism?
This Renaissance inventor revolutionized communication.
Who is Johannes Gutenberg?
This type of Humanism focused on moral and religious reform.
What is Christian Humanism?
Christian Humanists believed true faith should lead to this kind of life.
What is a life of virtue and moral action?
Italian humanism focused on art, beauty, and classical culture, while Christian humanism focused on this.
What is moral and religious reform?
This work by Thomas More criticized social inequality and greed.
What is Utopia?
This Dominican friar’s fiery salesmanship of indulgences—“As soon as a coin in the coffer rings, a soul from purgatory springs”—sparked Luther’s outrage.
Who is Johann Tetzel?
The spread of ideas led to this major split in the Church.
What is the Protestant Reformation?
Christian Humanists criticized the Church’s corruption but did not initially call for this.
What is separation from the Catholic Church?
By democratizing access to Scripture, the printing press helped establish this Reformation principle.
What is sola scriptura (Scripture alone)?