Cognitive Development in Infancy
This is the term used for an infant's ability to recognize objects and people, even when they are hidden from view.
What is object permanence?
This is the term for the ability to think about one's own thinking and to evaluate and regulate cognitive processes.
What is metacognition?
This cognitive ability tends to decline with age and includes tasks such as recalling information without cues.
What is recall memory?
This term refers to the ability to understand and use language, and it begins to develop rapidly during early childhood.
What is language acquisition?
This term refers to the ability to solve novel problems and think abstractly, and it typically peaks in early adulthood.
What is fluid intelligence?
This is the primary method through which infants learn to understand their world, as discussed by Piaget.
What is sensorimotor exploration?
The phenomenon where children can be taught memory strategies but fail to use them effectively is known as this.
What is utilization deficiency?
This type of memory does not decline as much in older adults and is related to the ability to recognize information after seeing it.
What is recognition memory?
At what age do most children begin to exhibit the ability to form two-word combinations?
What is around 18-24 months?
Adults typically experience a decline in this type of intelligence, which involves accumulated knowledge and experience.
What is crystallized intelligence?
At what age do infants typically start to demonstrate some form of visual recognition memory, such as recognizing their mother's face?
What is 6 months?
This type of memory involves the ability to remember personal experiences and events.
What is episodic memory?
This model of cognitive aging suggests that older adults can maintain their ability to produce creative works by selectively focusing on their strengths.
Answer: What is the "selective optimization with compensation" model?
This theory of language development posits that language learning is influenced by both innate abilities and environmental interactions.
What is the interactionist theory?
According to research, adults in middle adulthood often experience a peak in this type of memory, which involves storing and recalling general facts and information.
What is semantic memory?
The ability of infants to recognize and remember their mother’s voice is an example of this type of early cognitive development.
What is auditory recognition?
Research on children's metamemory suggests that this is the age when children begin to have a basic understanding of how their memory works.
What is 5-6 years old?
In contrast to younger adults, elderly individuals tend to have more difficulty in performing this type of memory task.
What is working memory tasks?
This is the term for a child's ability to understand the social use of language, including pragmatics and conversational turn-taking.
What is pragmatics?
The decline in this ability may affect an individual's performance on tasks requiring rapid processing or multitasking.
What is processing speed?
According to research, infants under this age cannot differentiate between their mother's and a stranger's voice.
What is 4 weeks?
The term used for the increased ability of children to monitor and regulate their own memory strategies as they age.
What is metamemory development?
According to research on cognitive aging, older adults are likely to experience greater difficulty with tasks that require this, involving the ability to hold and manipulate information in short-term memory.
What is cognitive flexibility?
The process by which a child learns the meanings of words by hearing them in context, often used to learn new words quickly, is called this.
What is fast mapping?
Research indicates that older adults often compensate for declines in certain cognitive abilities by relying on this, which refers to an individual's sense of self-efficacy and confidence in cognitive tasks.
What is cognitive reserve?