Lifespan approach/memory
What does Lifespan approach to development mean?
Emphasizes that
developmental changes continue beyond young adulthood
What is the Conjugate Reinforcement Technique?
method for measuring cognition in infants using a mobile attached to their foot (nonverbal measure of memory)
Memory in children suggest that....
Children can respond verbally, but may not Understand the task instructions or Recognize letters and words.
Why should we study older adults?
Theoretical: some cognitive abilities decline with age while others stay the same Practical: elderly population is substantial. Personal: we all know elderly people and will be elderly ourselves!
Part of the Conjugate Reinforcement Technique is...
Kicking makes mobile move. Measure whether baby remembers that kicking moves the
mobile. If the baby remembers the learning, when the string is attached, he or she will kick!
Children's working memory..
Memory spans improve dramatically during
childhood. Children have the same three working memory components that adults have
Should we study the memory in infants?
We should study the cognitive processes of infants and children in order to understand the origin of cognitive skills. Prepare for careers requiring background knowledge about infancy and childhood.
According to Research Rovee and Collier...
Infants can remember actions, even after a delay
Working memory: memory span...
2 yr olds - 2 numbers in a row
9 yr olds - 6 numbers in a row
11 or 12 yr olds almost match college students
According to memory in Infants...
The 6 month old infants can create an association between two objects. Even if they have never previously seen the objects together at the same time. Even if they were never reinforced for creating these associations
Research done by Rovee and Collier...
Context matters (encoding specificity)
Autobiographical memory in early childhood means..
memory for experiences and information related to yourself
How can we assess infants memory?
One way to assess infants memory is to see
whether they look longer at one stimulus than
another.
In reference to Rovee-Collier and colleagues
Factors influencing infant memory. Context effects. Spacing effect (spaced vs. massed learning)
Children’s Source Monitoring means...
the process of trying to identify the origin of a particular memory