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MISCELLANEOUS
100
1) the classical heritage of Rome 2) the beliefs of the Roman Catholic Church 3) the customs of various Germanic tribes
What are the roots of medieval culture in western Europe?
100
What were the 3 social classes of the feudal system?
1. Those who fought (nobles/knights) 2. Those who prayed (men and women of the Church; church officials) 3. Those who worked (peasants/serfs)
100
earthly feudal lord, heavenly lord, chosen lady
What were the three masters knights had to devote to?
100
bishops and priests
What is clergy?
100
Charlemagne was also known as... (Hint: 6'4")
Charles the Great!
200
True or False? The level of learning rose as Germanic tribes invaded.
False.
200
A lord's estate was called...
MANOR
200
True or False? Medieval literature glorified the brutality of knighthood and feudal warfare.
False! It actually didn't show much of that. Instead, it focused on glorifying LOVE, CHIVALRY, KNIGHTHOOD, AND BATTLES/TOURNAMENTS.
200
How did the conflict about lay investiture between Gregory and Henry resolve?
Reached a compromise known as the CONCORDAT OF WORMS. This allowed the Church to appoint bishops but gave the emperor permission to veto the appointment.
200
Frederick I was also known as... (HINT: red beard)
"Barbarossa"
300
The leader of a Germanic people called the Franks. He brought Christianity to his people and united the Franks into one kingdom.
Who was Clovis?
300
True or False? Peasants and serfs thought their hardships were part of God's punishments.
FALSE! They accepted their hardships as part of the Church's teachings. They believed that God determines one's place in society.
300
Who were the TROUBADOURS?
The Troubadours were traveling poet-musicians at the castles and courts of Europe. They composed love songs.
300
Church law
What is canon law?
300
What was the Holy Roman Empire called before it got its name?
Roman Empire of the German Nation A German-Italian empire created by Otto I
400
What was the most important achievement of Pope Gregory I?
He broadened the authority of the papacy. It became a secular power. The papacy became the center of Roman government. He used church revenues to raise armies, help the poor, etc.
400
A ___ granted land called a ___ that would be received by a ___.
lord, fief, vassal
400
What were the two inventions from Asia that changed the technology of warfare in western Europe?
Leather saddles and stirrups! Leather saddles kept a warrior firmly seated on his horse. Stirrups allowed warriors to ride and handle weapons simultaneously without getting toppled off.
400
True or False? Frederick I ruled before Otto I.
FALSE!
400
Knights took part in ___ to gain experience.
tournaments
500
A major reason why feudal German states did not unify in the Middle Ages was
wars with Italian cities. Rather than build power in Germany, Frederick I and the German kings after him tried to force an alliance with the pope. This led to wars with Italian cities.
500
What is feudalism?
A system of governing and landholding
500
How did the role of noblewomen differ from peasant women?
Noblewomen could inherit estate from her husband. They sometimes defended castles and were educated by tutors. Peasant women worked, worked, and worked. They bore children, took care of the family and household, worked in the fields, etc.
500
What were sacraments?
Sacraments were important religious ceremonies administered by priests and other clergy. These ceremonies would lead you to achieve salvation.
500
Who was the most celebrated woman of the Troubadours?
Eleanor of Aquitaine! FUN FACT: She's the mommy of two later kings-- Richard the Lion-Hearted and John!
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