Origins and Beliefs
Who is the prophet of Islam?
Muhammad
Which family came to power immediately after the first four caliphs?
Umayyads
Who built the Taj Mahal?
Shah Jahan
Muslims encouraged the adoption of which number system?
The decimal system
What is the title of a teacher who leads services at a mosque?
Imam
What kind of climate did the Bedouins live in?
Scorching desert
Who was the first caliph to lead after Muhammad’s death?
Abu Bakr
Which empire put an end to the Byzantine Empire by capturing Constantinople?
Ottoman Empire
Muslims built upon the geometric ideas of which Greek mathematician?
Euclid
Why do mosques not contain images of humans?
Drawing humans is seen as trying to imitate God’s act of creation
What do Muslims believe the Qur’an contains?
The flawless words of Allah
To what modern-day country did the Umayyad caliph Abd al-Rahman flee in 755?
Spain
Why was Suleyman I known as "The Magnificent"?
He led many military conquests and inspired a great cultural era
What did scientist Hayat Sindi develop to help with medical testing?
A collection of diagnostic tests on a tiny piece of paper
What four-line rhyming poem did Omar Khayyám make popular?
The quatrain
What is the name of the Islamic system of law?
Shari’a
What city did Abd al-Rahman III turn into a great center of learning?
Córdoba
How were the Safavids able to create a strong economy?
They were at the center of international trade routes
Which physician tried to join the ideas of Islam with those of Aristotle and Plato?
Ibn Rushd
In what specific direction do Muslims face when they pray?
Toward Mecca
Why did Muhammad flee from Mecca to Yathrib?
Mecca's political leaders made life difficult for him
What was the main reason the Ottoman Empire was able to last into the early 1900s?
The rulers gave non-Muslims religious freedom
What caused the end of the Safavid Empire?
It had poor leadership because of weak shahs
Why were the writings of the doctor al-Zahrawi so important?
They provided a medical encyclopedia that described many surgical instruments
What is the name of the record of Muhammad’s words and actions that provides a model for Muslims to follow?
The Sunna