With which countries did western powers sign peace treaties in 1919 and 1920?
Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire
100
Why was the Treaty of Versailles described as "a peace built on quicksand"?
It maintained peace for only a short amount of time.
200
ID: What is self-determintation?
the freedom of a people to decide under what form of government they wish to live
200
What was the "war guilt" clause?
It placed sole responsibility for the war on Germany, resulting in Germany needing to pay reparations to the Allies.
200
Who had indigestion problems and suffered a stroke, disabling them the rest of their career?
Woodrow Wilson
200
To who did Russia lose territory?
Poland and Romania
200
Why did America reject the treaty?
They disagreed with Wilson's League of Nations and thought that the U.S.'s best hope for peace was to stay out of European affairs.
300
Name three points or goals from the Fourteen Points.
-end to secret treaties
-freedom of the seas/less navies
-fairness toward colonial goals and people
-border changes/new nations
-need of an organization to peacefully negotiate worldly conflicts
300
What was the League of Nations?
An internal association whose goal was to keep peace among nations. This was deprived from Wilson's 14th point.
300
Who worked as a physician and journalist before becoming a politician?
Georges Clemenceau
300
What did the Allies do with the land the Ottomans lost in southwest Asia?
They carved it into mandates rather than independent nations.
300
What did the treaties and negotiations following World War I set the stage for?
World War II
400
In what year did Wilson create his plan for peace?
January 1918
400
In what ways did the treaty punish Germany?
-military restrictions
-loss of land
-territories were administered to the League of Nations
-"war guilt" clause
-had to pay reparations
400
Who was nicknamed "Tiger"?
Georges Clemenceau
400
Name at least three countries that became independent after the 1919 and 1920 peace treaties.
Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia
400
Why were people throughout Asia and Africa angry at the Allied powers?
The Allied powers ignored the peoples' desire for independence.
500
What were Woodrow Wilson (US), Georges Clemenceau (France), David Lloyd George (Great Britain), and Vittoria Orlando (Italy) known as throughout peace meetings and debates?
the Big Four
500
When and where was the treaty signed?
It was signed June 28th, 1919, at the Palace of Versailles in France, five years after Franz Ferdinand was assassinated in Sarajevo.
500
Who was described by this quote?:
“He thinks he is another Jesus Christ come upon earth to reform men.”
Woodrow Wilson
500
What did treaties lead to for the Central Powers?
They led to land loss.
500
Why were Italy and Japan upset?
They entered the war to gain land, but didn't get as much as they hoped to.