Ch. 15 Infection Control - Key Terms
AIDS
IS CAUSED BY THE HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV) AND SUPPRESSES THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
AUTOCLAVE
A PIECE OF EQUIPMENT THAT USES STEAM UNDER PRESSURE OR GAS TO STERILIZE EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES (PG.427)
CHEMICAL DISINFECTION
BECAUSE STERILIZATION DOES NOT OCCUR (PG.433)
DISINFECTION
A PROCESS THAT USES CHEMICAL DISINFECTANTS TO DESTROY OR KILL PATHOGENIC ORGANISMS (PG.412)
EXOGENOUS
AN INFECTION OR DISEASE THAT ORIGINATES OUTSIDE THE BODY (PG.410)
AEROBIC
REQUIRE OXYGEN TO LIVE (PG.406)
BACTERIA
SIMPLE, ONE-CELLED ORGANISMS THAT MULTIPLY RAPIDLY (PG.406)
CLEAN
OBJECTS OR PARTS OF OBJECTS DO NOT CONTAIN DISEASE-PRODUCING ORGANISMS AND THEREFORE HAVE MINIMAL CHANCE OF SPREADING THE DISEASE (PG.450)
DROPLET PRECAUTIONS
TRANSMISSION-BASED PRECAUTIONS USED FOR PATIENTS KNOWN OR SUSPECTED TO BE INFECTED WITH PATHOGENS TRANSMITTED BY LARGE-PARTICLE DROPLETS (PG.412)
FOMITES
OBJECTS CONTAMINATED WITH INFECTIOUS MATERIAL THAT CONTAINS THE PATHOGENS (PG.411)
AIRBORNE PRECAUTIONS
USED FOR PATIENTS KNOWN OR SUSPECTED TO BE INFECTED WITH PATHOGENS TRANSMITTED BY AIRBORNE DROPLET NUCLEI (PG.450)
BIOTERRORISM
THE USE OF MICROORGANISMS, OR BIOLOGIC AGENTS AS WEAPONS TO INFECT HUMANS, ANIMALS, OR PLANTS (PG.413)
COMMUNICABLE DISEASE
CAUSED BY A PATHOGENIC ORGANISM THAT CAN BE EASILY TRANSMITTED TO OTHERS (PG.449)
EBOLA
FIRST AFFECTED PRIMATES AND THEN SPREAD TO HUMANS (PG.409)
FUNGI
SIMPLE, PLANT-LIKE ORGANISMS THAT LIVE ON DEAD ORGANIC MATTER (PG.408)
ANAEROBIC
LIVE AND REPRODUCE IN THE ABSENCE OF OXYGEN (PG.406)
CAVITATION
WHEN THE BUBBLES STRIKE THE ITEMS BEING CLEANED, THEY EXPLODE, AND DRIVE THE CLEANING SOLUTION ONTO THE ARTICLE (PG.435)
CONTACT PRECAUTIONS
MUST BE FOLLOWED FOR ANY PATIENTS KNOWN OR SUSPECTED TO BE INFECTED WITH EPIDEMIOLOGICAL MICROORGANISMS THAT CAN BE TRANSMITTED BY OTHER DIRECT OR INDIRECT CONTACT (PG.453)
ENDOGENOUS
AN INFECTION OR DISEASE THAT ORIGINATES WITHIN THE BODY (PG.410)
HEALTH CARE-ASSOCIATED
AN INFECTION ACQUIRED BY AN INDIVIDUAL IN A HEALTH CARE FACILITY, SUCH AS A HOSPITAL OR LONG-TERM CARE FACILITY (PG.410)
ASEPSIS
DEFINED AS THE ABSENCE OF DISEASE-PRODUCING MICROORGANISMS, OR PATHOGENS (PG.412)
CHAIN OF DISINFECTION
A SERIES OF CONDITIONS (INFECTIOUS AGENT, RESERVOIR, PORTAL OF EXIT, MODE OF TRANSMISSION, PORTAL OF ENTRY, AND SUSCEPTIBLE HOST) THAT MUST BE MET FOR DISEASE TO OCCUR AND SPREAD (PG.411)
CONTAMINATED
OBJECTS CONTAIN DISEASE-PRODUCING ORGANISMS (PG.450)
EPIDEMIC
OCCURS WHEN THE COMMUNICABLE DISEASE SPREADS RAPIDLY FROM PERSON TO PERSON AND AFFECTS A LARGE NUMBER OF PEOPLE AT THE SAME TIME (PG.449)
HELMINTHS
MULTICELLULAR PARASITIC ORGANISMS COMMONLY CALLED WORMS OR FLUKES (PG.410)