reserve for cabinets, appointed officials require senate approval. Manage specific policy areas and have their own budget and staff
What is departments
100
regulate business activities, laws permitted by congress, oversight from legislative branch ($$$), members of both political parties, possesses powers of all three branches
What is independent regulatory agency
100
money that is budgeted on a yearly basis
What is annual authorization
100
public meeting have to be open to the public
What is open meeting act of 1976
100
president chooses you for the spot
What is a Schedule C position
200
OMB, NSC, Council of Economic Advisors
What is executive offices to know
200
authorization of money for a SPECIFIC thing smaller than authorizations
What is appropriation
200
officials make policies that are not spelled out in advance by laws
What is discretionary authority
200
any person has the right to federal agency records
What is freedom of information act
200
a gov job is filled on a name request basis
What is buddy system
300
headed by a single administrator. (similar to a cabinet) also called administration ex.NASA, CIA, EPA
What is agency
300
specifies a certain sum of money with out saying how its going to exactly be spent, smaller than appropriations
What is authorization
300
federal employees were chosen on the basis of merit and ability
What is Pendelton act (1883)
300
Allows
OPM- tests and hires employees
Merit Systems Protections Boards- to ensure ability and skill are part of gov workers
FLRA- allows government workers to bargain
What is Civil Service Reform Act
400
independent regulatory commissions/agencies, regulate business activities, established through statutes passed by congress
What is commission
400
congressional committee reviews and approaches agency decisions in advance without passing a law
What is committee clearance
400
law preventing people from engaging in partisan activities
What is Hatch act
400
the hammer award
What is national performance review
400
red tape, duplication, conflict, agency imperialism and waste
What is pathologies (issues of the bureaucracy)
500
has a board manager and conducts business-like activities ex. USPS
What is corporation/authority
500
maximum amount of money an agency can spend on a program
What is authorization legislation
500
partisan activity and state officials from manipulating and handling federal $$
What is prevention by the hatch act
500
taxes
What is 16th amendment
500
court case that limits the bureaucracy's ability to regulate