Has a hydronium ion (H+), sour taste, pH of <7, turns litmus paper red or bromthymol blue yellow, reacts with metals, and conduct electricity
100
What two substances combine to form a covalent bond?
Two nonmetals
100
What does DNA stand for?
Bonus for double: Spell the whole word
D-e-o-x-y-r-i-b-o-N-u-c-l-e-i-c A-c-i-d
100
The pH scale ranges from what two numbers?
0-14
100
What is the maximum number of valence electrons an atom can yield (with the exception of He)
8
200
What is the name of a substance with a pH of more than 7?
A base or alkaline substance
200
What particle(s) allow for chemical bonds to occur?
Bonus for double: What is a chemical bond?
(Valence) Electrons
Bonus: An interaction that holds atoms or ions together
200
How would you classify baking soda (NaCHO3)as an organic compound?
Trick question! Baking soda is an ionic bond
200
What determines the strength of an acid or base?
The amount of molecules that break apart when the chemical is dissolved in water
200
What group of elements do the alkali metals combine with in ionic bonds?
Group 17 (Halogens)
300
Name at least three basic substances (NOT chemical compounds)
Sea water
Antacids
Soaps
Detergents
Ammonia
Bleach
300
Name the two properties of a covalent bond that are not found in ionic bonds
Low solubility and low melting point
300
What are two of the three types of carbon backbone?
Straight chain, branched chain, and ring chain
300
If hydrogen chloride (HCl) reacted with a compound, which compound would it MOST likely react with:
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
Magnesium oxide (MgO)
Potassium fluoride (KF)
Sodium hydroxide AND potassium fluoride!
300
What is Ohm's Law?
V=IR or R=V/I or I=V/R
400
What makes bases have their unique properties?
The hydroxide ion (OH-)
400
What are sodium chloride and hydrochloric acid classified as?
Ionic compounds
400
What is the difference between a saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbon?
Saturated hydrocarbons have carbon atoms that share only one bond with another atom
Unsaturated hydrocarbons can have two or more bonds with a single atom
400
Why is rain with a pH of less than 5.5 dangerous to the ecosystem?
Organisms need a constant and stable pH in their environment that acid rain can abruptly change
400
U-235 has 92 protons. U-238 has ?? protons. Thorium has 90 protons. Helium has 2 protons. How many neutrons does U-238 have?
146 NEUTRONS
500
Which substance conducts electricity: acids or bases?
Trick question! Both of them do and if you got it wrong, well...
500
What is a crystal lattice?
The arrangement of ions in a repeating three-dimensional pattern
500
What are the four types of biochemical?
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
500
What is the process of creating a stable substance from an acid and base called?
What is formed in this process?
Neutralization reaction
Water and a salt
500
What particle in radioactivity has close to no mass?