Enzymes
DNA
Misc. Questions
100
What is helicase?
Untwists and separates strands of the double helix
100
What are the 3 components of a DNA nucleotide?
Phosphate, 5 carbon sugar, and a nitrogenous base
100
Name the bond that connects DNA nucleotides
Phosphodiester bonds
200
What is topoisomerase/gyrase?
Enzyme that breaks and rejoins DNA strands before the replication fork to relieve stress
200
What are the 4 DNA nitrogenous bases, and which ones pair with each other?
Adenine pairs with Guanine
Cytosine pairs with Thymine
200
What is located at the 5' and 3' ends of DNA strands?
5' - Phosphate
3' - Hydroxyl
300
What is DNA Polymerase III?
Enzyme that performs a majority of the DNA replication. Adds DNA nucleotides to strands after RNA primer has been produced.
300
Why do we say DNA strands are antiparallel?
Each strand in the double helix run in opposite directions. Complimentary base pairs connect the 2 strands.
300
Name the bond that connects nitrogenous bases between DNA strands
HydrogenÂ
400
What is ligase?
Enzyme that joins DNA strands together; connects Okazaki fragments on lagging strand
400
What is Chargaff's rule?
States that complimentary base pairs are found in equal amounts in a species.
400
How many bonds form between nitrogenous bases Adenine and Thymine
2
500
What is DNA Polymerase I?
Enzyme that replaces the RNA primer with the final DNA nucleotides
500
Explain how leading strand and lagging strand synthesis differ
*both occur 5' to 3' direction
Leading strand: towards the replication fork, so it can occur continuously
Lagging strand: away from the replication fork, so can't occur continuously. Made of Okazaki fragments that are later joined together.
500
How many bonds form between nitrogenous bases cytosine and guanine
3