Mood/depressive disorders
This elevated mood state is defined by at least one week of abnormally increased energy, decreased need for sleep, and impaired functioning, often requiring hospitalization.
What is mania?
Recurrent, sudden onsets of intense terror that often occur without warning and with no specific cause. Present in some anxiety disorders.
What is a panic attack?
Disorders that involve a sudden loss of memory or change in identity.
What are dissociative disorders?
Angie often feels an intense fear of being humiliated or embarrassed in social situations. She avoids them at all costs. She would most likely be diagnosed with _______-.
Recurrent thoughts often present in OCD
What are obsessions?
This gender is almost twice as likely to be diagnosed with depression, a finding which is consistent across many cultures.
What are women?
– biological factors: genetic disposition, underactive prefrontal cortex, regulation of neurotransmitters
– psychological factors: stressful or negative life events, learned helplessness, ruminating on negative, self-defeating thoughts, pessimistic attributional style
These make up the etiology of a _____.
What is a mood disorder?
The two neurodevelopmental disorders of this unit.
What is ADHD and ASD?
This anxiety disorder has panic attacks (not tied to a specific stimulus) as part of the criteria for diagnosis.
What is panic disorder?
Grace often can't stop pulling at her hair. She often plucks specific hairs that have a unique texture, and the behavior takes up hours of her day. Sometimes she isn't aware of when she's doing it, and sometimes it gets worth with stress. Grace is most likely diagnosed with what obsessive-compulsive disorder?
What is trichotillomania?
This drug is the most commonly prescribed drug to treat bipolar disorder.
What is lithium?
Someone with schizophrenia may experience a state in which their perceptions and thoughts are fundamentally removed from reality. This is called ________.
What is psychosis?
An individual enjoys taking risks and finds it stifling to conform to social norms. They can keep their cool while engaging in amoral activities and feel no guilt or shame when engaging in heinous acts. In the context of personality disorders, this person is most likely to be diagnosed with __________.
What is antisocial personality disorder?
People with diagnosed anxiety disorders often have trouble regulating their _____ nervous system.
What is sympathetic?
This theory suggests that mental disorders develop when a genetic weakness for a disorder is triggered by life stress.
What is the vulnerability-stress hypothesis?
Depression is associated with poor regulation of this neurotransmitter, which medical interventions attempt to address.
What is serotonin (and norepinephrine)?
Caleb is diagnosed with ADHD. His three main symptoms are hyperactivity, inattention, and _______.
What is impulsivity?
A 22-year-old woman is brought to the clinic by her roommate after a series of escalating conflicts at home. The roommate reports that the patient’s mood can shift rapidly from intense affection to sudden anger, often triggered by minor disagreements. The patient describes feeling “empty” and fears being abandoned, frequently texting friends repeatedly when they don’t respond right away. She has a history of unstable relationships, describing past partners as “perfect” at first, then “horrible” after perceived slights. During the interview, she becomes tearful and expresses concern that the clinician might “give up on me too.”
Her likely diagnosis is ________.
What is borderline personality disorder?
Treatment for generalized anxiety can involve medications that mimic the effects of this neurotransmitter.
What is GABA?
A 32-year-old man with a history of schizophrenia is brought to the hospital by his family due to unusual behavior over the past several days. He has been sitting in the same position for hours, staring straight ahead, and does not respond to questions. This patient is in a state of _________.
What is catatonia?
This mood disorder is diagnosed when a patient experiences at least one hypomanic episode and one major depressive episode, but no full manic episodes.
What is bipolar II disorder?
This is a category of mental health disorders with many overlapping symptoms to anxiety disorders that are not classified as anxiety disorders.
What is obsessive-compulsive disorders?
What is post-traumatic stress disorder?
A 34-year-old man is brought to a clinic by local police after being found working at a roadside diner in a town several states away from his home. He is unable to recall any details about his past, including his name, occupation, or family. He reports that he “just started over” a few weeks ago and has been using a new name he chose himself. According to his wife, who was contacted after his fingerprints were run, he disappeared abruptly following a big financial crisis at his business. She states that prior to his disappearance, he had been increasingly stressed and withdrawn, but had no history of substance use or head trauma. On examination, he is alert but doesn't know his personal identity. The toxicology screening is negative. His likely diagnosis is ________.
What is dissociative amnesia with fugue?
This neurotransmitter is specifically mentioned in the textbook as being involved in social anxiety disorder (SAD).
What is oxytocin?
These symptoms of schizophrenia include hallucinations, delusions, thought disorders, and movement disorders.
What are positive symptoms?