WHAT IS A DRUG
A single chemical substance that alters one or more of the body's biological factors
Drug
A natural stimulant found in a variety of plants; commonly found in tea, chocolate, and soft drinks
Caffeine
Any substance that primarily alters mood, perception, and other brain functions
Psychoactive
Unintended and often harmful actions of a drug
Side Effects
Persistent or excessive use of a drug without medical or health reasons
Drug abuse
Drugs used to prevent, treat, or cure illness; aid healing; or suppress symptoms
MEDICINE
A psychoactive substance present in the dried leaves, stems, flowers, and seeds of plants of the genus Cannabis
Marijuana
The marketing of prescription drugs to consumers to stimulate demand for a drug
Direct-to-consumer advertising
Drugs that do NOT require a prescription
Over-the-counter drugs
What drugs are most commonly abused?
Psychoactive substances
Protein on the surface or inside of a cell to which a drug or natural substance can bind and thereby affect cell function
Receptor
A club drug with both stimulant and pleasurable effects
Ecstasy
Besides the U.S., one other industrialized state allows DTCA, what is it?
New Zealand
Drugs that do NOT require a prescription
Over-the-counter drugs
Dependence that results because a drug produces pleasant mental effects
psychological dependence
Any environmental agent or drug that alters development of a fetus
Teratogen
Psychoactive substances that alter sensory processing in the brain, producing visual or auditory sensations that are not real
Hallucinogens
How much is spent annually on OTC drugs?
$34 billion
Any medical reason for not taking a particular drug
Contraindication
Uncomfortable and sometimes dangerous reactions that occur after a person stops taking a physically addicting drug
Withdrawal symptoms
The reemergence of symptoms for which a drug is administered after the drug is suddenly stopped or the dose lessened
Drug that, depending on the route of administration and dose, can be a stimulant, depressant, or hallucinogen; originally developed as an animal anesthetic
Phencyclidine (PCP)
What are the four stages taken to gain FDA approval of a prescription drug?
1. Discovery
2. Apply for testing/ three phases of testing
3. Apply for FDA approval to manufacture and market
4. Monitor safety and efficacy
Tailoring drugs to a particular individual to match her or his biology
Pharmacogenetics
psychological dependence arising from repeated use of drug
Habituation