MOTIVATION BASICS
The process by which a person's efforts are energized, directed, and sustained toward a goal
What is motivation?
The McGregor theory that assumes employees enjoy work and seek responsibility
What is Theory Y?
The two types of factors in Herzberg's theory
What are hygiene factors and motivating factors?
The type of goals that increase performance the most, according to Goal-Setting Theory
What are specific goals?
The number of core job dimensions in the Job Characteristics Model
What is five?
The three components of motivation
What are energy, direction, and persistence?
The McGregor theory that assumes employees are lazy and must be coerced to perform
What is Theory X?
Herzberg's term for extrinsic factors like salary, company policy, and working conditions
What are hygiene factors?
According to Goal-Setting Theory, these goals — when accepted — lead to higher performance than easy ones
What are difficult goals?
The JCM dimension that describes the degree of freedom employees have in scheduling their work and choosing methods
What is autonomy?
This theory says lower-level needs must be satisfied before higher-level needs motivate behavior
What is Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?
Theory Y managers believe employees can exercise this quality, meaning they guide themselves without being told
What is self-direction?
What hygiene factors do when they are present in a job
What is eliminate dissatisfaction (but NOT motivate)?
An individual's belief that they are capable of performing a task
What is self-efficacy?
The theory that says employees compare their input-outcome ratio against others
What is Equity Theory?
The highest level of Maslow's hierarchy
What is self-actualization?
Of Theory X and Theory Y, this one is considered the more motivating management approach
What is Theory Y?
Intrinsic motivators like achievement, recognition, and responsibility belong to this category in Herzberg's theory
What are motivating factors?
Two ways managers can increase an employee's self-efficacy
What are training and encouragement?
In Equity Theory, these are the persons, systems, or past selves employees compare themselves to
What are referents?
Maslow's need level that includes self-respect, autonomy, status, and recognition
What is esteem needs?
The psychologist who developed Theory X and Theory Y
Who is Douglas McGregor?
Another name for Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
What is the Motivation-Hygiene Theory?
The primary purpose of goal-setting, according to the theory
What is to focus energy and direct effort toward performance?
The difference between procedural justice and distributive justice
What is procedural justice is fairness of the process, while distributive justice is fairness of the amount and allocation of rewards?