What is a gigantic ball of very hot gases that give off electromagnetic radiation?
star
100
VOCAB --
a huge system of stars, dust, and gas held together by gravity
galaxy
100
VOCAB --
a cloud of gas and dust in which new stars form
nebula
100
VOCAB --
a group of stars that form a pattern
constellation
100
How long does it take for light from the sun to reach the earth?
8 minutes
200
What type of galaxy has a bulging center and wispy arms that fan out from the center like a pinwheel?
spiral
200
VOCAB --
a gigantic explosion that occurs near the end of the life of some stars
supernova
200
What type of galaxy has a shape somewhat like a football?
elliptical galaxy
200
Where is the Big Dipper located?
Ursa Major
200
VOCAB --
a point in space with a gravitational field so strong not even light can escape
black hole
300
Why do constellations change over time?
Stars are constantly moving. Some move closer and other move apart.
300
What is an eruption that causes a temporary bright spot in the chromosphere?
solar flare
300
What are the 3 layers of the sun?
BONUS: What layer means 'crown'?
photosphere, chromosphere, corona
BONUS: corona
300
What are the two main components of the sun?
helium and hydrogen
300
When does a star die?
when it runs out of fuel
400
What are dark spots that are part of the photosphere that are not as hot as the rest of the photosphere?
sunspots
400
Why are some constellations only seen at certain times of the year?
The earth revolves around the sun.
400
Why do stars appear to move across the sky?
BONUS: How long does this take?
The earth rotates. BONUS: 24 hours
400
What color are stars and what does the color tell you?
Red -- coolest
Orange & Yellow -- somewhat hotter
White & Blue-White -- Hottest
400
What determines how bright a star looks?
Size, temperature, and distance from Earth
500
What are 2 reasons telescopes in space get a more complete picture of space objects?
BONUS: Give the other 2 reasons.
- beyond Earth's atmosphere; - no electromagnetic radiation is blocked; - always clear & dark; - no warm or cool air currents
500
How did Isaac Newton's telescope improve upon earlier telescopes?
It used a curved mirror that allowed people to see objects in sharper detail that were dimmer and further away.
500
What are the last two stages of a star's death?
white dwarf and black dwarf
500
What are 3 things we learned Galileo is known for?
BONUS: Additional things
1) 1st person to use a telescope in astronomy
2) Discovered the moon has mountains and the sun spins
3) Venus has phases like the moon
4) Jupiter has 4 moons that orbit around it
5) Earth and planets revolve around the sun
500
What are 3 of the 5 types of invisible radiation telescopes can detect?
BONUS: Additional types
1) radio waves
2) infrared waves
3) ultraviolet waves
4) x rays
5) gamma rays