A Voyage of Discovery
English naturalist who formulated a theory of evolution by natural selection.
Who is Charles Darwin?
One scientist who attempted to explain how rock formations, such as rock layers, form and change over time.
Who is James Hutton?
Any heritable characteristic that increases an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in its environment.
What is an adaptation?
The study of where organisms live now and where they and their ancestors lived in the past.
What is biogeography?
True or False: The more similarities between two different species' DNA, the more recent the common ancestor.
What is True?
This is defined as "change over time"
What is evolution?
True or False: Hutton and Lyell's geological work was important to Darwin because they were explaining volcanoes and earthquakes.
What is FALSE?
This describes how well and organism can survive and reproduce.
What is fitness?
True or False: Darwin viewed the fossil record as interesting but unrelated to the evolution of modern species.
What is False?
- Darwin viewed fossils as supporting his theory of evolution.
An essay written by this man prompted Darwin to publish "On the Origin of Species" almost 25 years after his voyage on the HMS Beagle.
Who is Alfred Russel Wallace?
Darwin's three patterns of diversity
What are species vary globally, species vary locally, species vary over time?
This Darwin influencer proposed that organisms have an innate tendency toward complexity and perfection.
Who is Jean-Baptiste Lamarck?
This is the process by which organisms in nature with variations most suited to their local environment survive and leave more offspring.
What is natural selection?
Similar patterns of embryological development in different but related organisms are responsible for the formation of these structures.
What are homologous structures?
True or False: In artificial selection, humans provide the inherited variations, and nature selects those variants it finds useful.
What is False?
- nature provides the inherited variation, while humans select the useful variants.
True or False: Darwin's theory of natural selection was NOT influenced by knowledge about the structure of DNA.
What is TRUE?
This influencer suggested that individual organisms could change during their lifetimes by selectively using or not using various parts of their bodies, and that these species could pass these acquired traits to their offspring.
Who is Lamarck?
This occurs in any situation in which there is a struggle for existence, variation and adaptation are present, and there is differential reproductive success.
What is natural selection?
The tail bone in humans, or the presence of leg bones in whales are examples of these structures.
What are vestigial structures?
This was the problem with the fossil record in Darwin's time.
What is that it was incomplete?
This physical characteristic of the Galapagos Giant Tortoises can be used to identify which island they reside.
What is shell shape?
This influencer reasoned that if the human population grew unchecked, there wouldn't be enough living space and food for everyone.
Who is Malthus?
True or False: According to the principal of common descent, all species, living and extinct, are united by descent from ancient common ancestors.
Body parts that share similar functions, but do not share structure and development.
What are analogous structures?
A tool to show evolutionary relationships.
What is a cladogram?