Building the West
What two incentives did the federal government give railroads to encourage construction of the transcontinental railroad?
Land grants and loans for each mile of track laid
What was the main goal of the U.S. government’s military campaigns against the Indians?
To force them onto reservations
Who came into power, which the most serious challenge to the Monroe Doctrine in the late 1800s?
Maximilian I as emperor of Mexico
What did John Hay’s Open Door Policy promote?
Free trade and equal opportunity in China
What was the continuous rail line that crossed the entire continent, completed May 10, 1869
The Transcontinental Railroad
Which two companies built the first transcontinental railroad?
Union and Central Pacific
Who was the most famous cavalry officer of the Sioux War of 1876–77?
George Armstrong Custer
What event nearly ended the Open Door Policy in China?
The Boxer Rebellion
What movement encouraged unity among nations of the Western Hemisphere?
Pan-Americanism
What are blocks of earth and sod called?
Soddies
From which two cities did the Union Pacific and Central Pacific begin construction?
Omaha, Nebraska and Sacramento, California
Which two Sioux leaders opposed Custer?
Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse
What three factors hastened the U.S. toward war with Spain?
Yellow journalism, the de Lome letter, and the sinking of the USS Maine
Which U.S. naval officer opened trade with Japan in 1854?
Matthew Perry
What is the extension of one's way of life to other nations by taking control or influence
Imperialism
What did the Homestead Act of 1862 provide?
160 acres of land to settlers who lived on and improved it for five years
Why did the Indian victory at the Battle of Little Bighorn ultimately help the U.S. Army?
It motivated the U.S. to send more troops and supplies to defeat the Indians
What was the main issue in the presidential election of 1900?
Imperialism
Which battle destroyed Spanish sea power in the Pacific during the Spanish-American War?
Battle of Manila Bay
What are two twisted stands of wire with sharp barbs used to fence in land called
bared wire
What major event involved settlers rushing to claim land in the Indian Territory?
The Oklahoma Land Rushes
What event marked the tragic end of the Indian Wars?
The Wounded Knee Massacre
Who were the two leading candidates in 1900 and what were their views on imperialism?
William Jennings Bryan opposed it; William McKinley favored it
What volunteer group led by Theodore Roosevelt fought in Cuba?
The Rough Riders
What law divided Indian lands into family plots, breaking tribal unity?
The Dawes Act