Ancient History
This disease wiped out 30% - 60% of Europe's population in the 1300s.
What is the Black Plague, Black Death, Bubonic Plague?
This is a structure containing a bacterium’s DNA and a small amount of cytoplasm, encased by a tough outer covering that can bring a bacterium back to life when conditions improve is called a
What is an endospore
These WBCs "eat" foreign invaders and debris
What are macrophages?
This type of bacteria needs oxygen for respiration.
What are obligate aerobes.
What shape would the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus be?
What is cluster (staphylo-); spherical (cocci)
The act of boiling milk to kill bacteria is called
What is a pasteurization?
The genetic information that a virus carries can be either
What is DNA or RNA?
In this viral life cycle, the virus injects its own DNA into the host cell's chromosome and lies dormant
What is the lysogenic cycle
Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that lack _______
What is a nucleus?
Bacteria that need carbon dioxide for respiration are called
What is obligate anaerobes?
A fever is an example of _____________ immunity.
What is innate?
Making antibodies specific to a pathogen is an example of ____________ immunity.
These WBCs recognize pathogens they've encountered before
What are memory cells?
What kind of bacteria live in marshes, lake sediments, and mammal digestive tracts? Or other harsh environments.
archaebacteria
What is the process by which bacteria reproduce asexually? (just making a clone of itself)
What are binary fission?
These WBCs make antibodies
What are B-Cells?
How are antibiotics able to destroy bacteria?
What is antibiotics disrupt the formation of bacterial cell walls and other life processes.
Most bacteria need ______________ to survive. That's why pasta and cereal can last for months in a cupboard.
What is moisture?
This type of vaccine delivers instructions to human cells to make viral surface protein spikes
What are mRNA vaccines?
These WBCs identify and kill cells that are infected with virus
What are T-Cells?