Nasogastric Tubes
Enemas
Enemas (con't)
Preparation
Barium Enemas
100
Inserted through the nasopharnyx and into the stomach
What is an NG tube?
100
Promote defecation
What is a cleansing enema used for?
100
For best results this solution should be retained for 1 hour if possible
What is an oil retention enema?
100
Patient should consume a clear liquid diet for 24 hours before examination. Patient should drink one full glass of water every hour. 1 hour after lunch and 3 hours before bisacodyl is given, patient should take 3 oz. of milk of magnesia with water. Patient takes 25 mg of bisacodyl 3 hrs. after milk of magnesia. Patient is NPO after midnight. Perform a fleet enema at 6 am the day of examination. Postprocedural: push fluids, give 2 oz. of milk of magnesia to facilitate passage of barium.
What is inpatient bowel preparation?
100
Used to diagnose pathologic conditions of the colon or lower gastrointestinal tract.
Why a barium enema is administered?
200
Levin tube
What is the most common type of NG tube that is used for gastric decompression?
200
Breaks up the fecal mass, stretches the rectal wall and initiates the defecation reflex
What does the fluid in a cleansing enema do?
200
Promotes peristalsis and defecation but can also produce mild irritation of the bowel
What is a soapsuds enema?
200
Dietary restrictions, purgation, overhydration, and cleansing water enema.
What is bowel preparation?
200
Large amount is prepared. Bag holds 3000 mL; actual amount prepared varies. May be prepared with warm or cold water
What is the quantity of barium?
300
Fluoroscopy, injecting 10-20 mL of air, aspirating back on the syringe.
What is how do you verify correct placement of an NG tube?
300
1. Tap water (hypotonic) 2. Hypertonic solution 3. Saline 4. Soapsuds solution 5. Oil retention
What are the 5 types of enemas?
300
Used when the patient cannot tolerate large amounts of fluid. Fluid is pulled from the interstitial spaces around the colon. A small amount 120 mL-180 mL; 4-6 oz. is usually effective.
What is a hypertonic solution enema?
300
Reduces the frequency and volume of stools while prolonging intestinal transit time. Includes restrictions on foods that increase bowel activity, such as milk or milk products and fruits and vegetables.
What is a low residue diet?
300
The addition of air of carbon dioxide. Highly recommended for patients experiencing diarrhea and in high-risk patients such as those who have polyps, a family history of colorectal cancer, or a personal history of cancer or rectal bleeding.
What is a double-contrast barium enema?
400
Take the patient's portable suction machine to the radiology department or by using the equipment available in the department
What is how to accomplish reestablishing the suction device?
400
Safest enema especially for infants, children, and older patients, because the fluid is of the same osmolarity as the interstitial spaces of the colon.
What is a saline enema?
400
Used to show any pathologic abnormalities or to verify normal structures and functions.
Why a cleansing enema used?
400
Clear liquid diet is prescribed for 24 hours before examination. Includes carbonated beverages, clear gelatin, clear broth, and coffee and tea with sugar. This diet maintains vital body fluids, salts, and minerals as well as provides the patient with some energy.
What is overhydration?
400
Run in slowly with compressions applied to the abdomen. Spot views of cecum, flexures, and sigmoid colon are taken. Excessive barium is drained back into bag, tip is removed, patient is sent to the toilet to evacuate as much of the barium as possible. Post evacuation image is taken with the patient in the prone position.
What is a single-contrast barium enema?
500
1. Confirming the the physician has given an order to allow the transfer and interruption of suctioning 2. Confiming the length of time that suctioning can be safely interrupted 3. Confirming what the suction pressure is so that the patient can be reconnected in the radiology department
What is what the radiology technologist must do before transferring a patient who has an NG tube that is used for gastric decompression?
500
Should not be repeated due the possibility of water toxicity or circulatory overload
What is a tap water or hypotonic enema?
500
Prepared by using 1 teaspoon of salt combined with 500 mL or 1 pint of water
What is a saline enema?
500
The use of laxative, which could include castor oil, bisacodyl, or magnesium citrate to evacuate fecal material from the bowels.
What is purgation?
500
Increase fluid intake and dietary fiber for several days unless medically contraindicated, and rest after the examination. Patient should be told to notify personal physician if the following occurs: weakness or fainting, abdominal pain, constipation, or rectal bleeding, not passing flatus, polyuria, nocturia, or abdominal distention.
What are postprocedural instructions for a barium enema?
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