History of Criminal Justice
What is the formation of the criminal justice system?
What is: “There was little of a formal criminal justice system until the nineteenth century”?
The contemporary court system in the United States is ____________ in size.
What is: monumental?
What are the three basic component agencies of the criminal justice system?
What are: police, courts, and corrections?
What is the primary concern of ethics in the criminal justice system?
What is: ensuring fairness, justice, and the protection of rights for all individuals involved?
What best describes the wedding cake model of justice?
What is: “Serious crimes or high-profile cases are at the top”?
What year did the criminal justice system become prominent?
What is: 1967?
Agencies of the court system charge, ________, try, and sentence criminal offenders.
What is: indict?
What is the main function of law enforcement agencies?
What is: investigating crimes and apprehending suspects?
What ethical dilemma often arises when law enforcement officials must balance the use of force with protecting citizens’ rights?
What is: the challenge of using necessary force without violating individuals’ rights or causing excessive harm?
What is restorative justice?
What is: “Restorative justice focuses on repairing harm caused by criminal behavior through reconciliation between victim and offender”?
What year in history did crime rates skyrocket, hitting their peak?
What is: the 1930’s?
Which criminal justice process consists of the actual steps the offender takes from the initial investigation through trial, sentencing, and appeal?
What is: the formal process?
What is meant by “dispensing justice”?
What is: “The agencies responsible for carrying out the process by which justice is served”?
How do we determine what is fair and just while protecting the public?
What is: “By balancing fairness, justice, and the need to protect the public from harm”?
What perspectives are there on criminal justice models, ranging from conservative to liberal?
What are: crime control to restorative justice?
Who is considered the “father of modern policing” due to his influence on the development of the police force in the 19th century?
Who is: Sir Robert Peel?
The justice process comprises of how many stages?
What is: fifteen?
According to the text, how many people are being arrested each year?
What is: 14 million?
What ethical principle requires prosecutors to disclose any exculpatory evidence that may prove a defendant’s innocence?
What is: the Brady Rule?
Which criminal justice model emphasizes the protection of individual rights and due process of law over the efficiency of crime control?
What is: the Due Process Model?
What is the concept of the Criminal Justice System?
What is: “Dispenses justice and the process”?
What is meant by the term criminal justice assembly line?
What is: “The system acts as a funnel, few go to trial, fewer are convicted”?
What perspectives range from the most conservative to the most liberal in criminal justice?
What are: crime control to restorative justice?
What perspectives exist on criminal justice ethics?
What are: “They range from conservative views focused on crime control to more liberal views focused on due process and rehabilitation”?
What is meant by equal justice and nonintervention?
What is: “Equal justice focuses on fairness in legal processes, while nonintervention promotes limiting involvement in the criminal justice system”?