Life and Cells
How do scientists define physical life?
A complex organization of nonliving substances that continues by using energy and that has the characteristics of living things.
What are the 4 molecules of life?
1. Carbs
2. Proteins
3. Lipids
4. Nucleic Acids
What language was used to form a scientific name?
Latin
What is a cell?
The smallest living unit of an organism
Explain the difference between cells that are unicellular and multicellular
Unicellular = tiny organisms made of one cell
Multicellular = organisms made of multiple cells
List the three components of the cell theory
1. All cells come from pre-existing cells
2. All living things are made of cells and the products of cells
3. Cells perform the functions of living things
What is the function of carbohydrates? Provide 3 examples of carbohydrates.
Function: Build cells and store energy
Examples: Starch, glucose, cellulose, glycogen
Is the current classification system built on physical or spiritual characteristics?
Physical
The ability to do work
Fill in the blank: A scientific name is composed of an organisms genus and ____ classification.
species
What are some examples of organisms responding to their environments?
- Sweating when running outside on a hot day
- Flower petals closing when the sun goes down
- Birds migrating for winter
What is the function of lipids? What are 3 examples?
Function: store energy and make cell membranes
Examples: saturated and unsaturated fats, membranes
What are the 7 basic levels of the modern classification system? (From largest to smallest)
kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
True or False: Some modern scientists are reclassifying organisms to try and show what they believe to be the organisms evolutionary path of common ancestry.
True
What was the name of the scientist who coined the term "cell"?
Robert Hooke
List the 4 basic functions of cells
1. All cells use energy
2. All cells manufacture materials
3. All cells respond to their environment
4. All cells reproduce themselves
What are proteins made out of? What are examples of proteins?
Examples: enzymes and antibodies
Taxonomy
The scientific word for arranging things into groups
True or False: When writing a scientific name, you want to italicize both the genus and species.
What are carbohydrates made out of?
Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
What are the 6 characteristics of life?
1. Organisms have life cycles
2. Organisms can reproduce
3. Organisms grow
4. Organisms are made of cells
5. Organisms require energy
6. Organisms respond to their environment
What is the function of nucleic acids and what are they made out of?
What are examples of nucleic acids?
Function: store genetic code (information)
Made out of nucleic acids
Examples: DNA and RNA
A biblical ___ is a broader grouping that groups organisms that are able to breed and reproduce verses a species is a group of similar organisms that can interbreed and is based on where the organism lives and its physical features.
biblical kind
What are biblical kinds?
Groups of reproducing organisms that God established (pg. 47)
What molecule is an organic compound that is not soluble in water?