Elemental Properties
The atomic number is determined by the number of...
Protons
Isotopes of the same element have varying numbers of _____
neutrons
Pairs of electrons are _____ in covalent bonds.
shared
Name the two kinds of energy
Potential and Kinetic
A positively charged ion is called a ______
Cation
Determined by the number of protons and neutrons
Atomic mass
The average atomic mass of all isotopes:
Atomic mass
Bonds with unequal electron sharing are _______ _______ bonds.
Polar covalent
The outermost shell of an atom is called the...
Name the four essential elements for life
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen
Elemental properties are determined by atomic _____
structure
Isotopes that are unstable will _____ and therefore lose energy.
decay
Ionic bonds result in charge changes because they ____ and _____ electrons.
Give & Take
How many valence electrons can fit in the 3rd shell?
8
Charged atoms or particles whose number of protons does not equal it's number of electrons.
Ions
In Greek, the word "atom" means
uncuttable
Isotopes that decay cause...
Radioactivity
In hydrogen bonds, a partially positively charged hydrogen atom is attracted to an _________ atom carrying a partially negative charge.
electronegative
Energy is ______ while going down electron shells
released
The term for rates of forward and reverse reactions being equal.
Equilibrium
The mass of a proton, neutron, 1 Dalton, or 1 amu =
1.7 x 10-24 g
The _____ that radioactive isotopes decay at is stable
Strong bonds are _______ which means they interact within the same molecules.
intramolecular
Magnesium has an atomic number of 12. How many electrons are in it's valence shell?
2
When an atom cannot bond or react due to it's shells being full, it is _____
Inert