Elements, Atoms, Compounds OH MY!
What is an atom and it's protons, neutrons, and electrons?
Sharing is caring in this bond.
In the equation 2H2 + O2 -> 2H2O, the 2H2 and the O2 are the __________, and the 2H2O is the ________.
The property that describes how water molecules stick together.
What is cohesion?
The acronym answer to "pH".
What is potential Hydrogen?
Every compound is also a ___________. But not every __________ is a compound.
What is a molecule?
In a water molecule, hydrogen and oxygen are held together by this bond.
What is a polar covalent bond?
In chemical reaction for photosynthesis, the bonds break apart, the elements rearrange, and form new bonds. What are the products in the reaction?
What are a sugar compound and oxygen?
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
Cohesion is related to this property that allows a water bug to skim across water without breaking the surface.
What is surface tension?
What I take when I have acid indigestion.
What is Tums or a Baking Soda solution?
These elements are necessary for life but in smaller quantities.
What are trace elements?
The two main trace elements that we talked about in class are Iodine and Fluorine.
Do you remember the significance of each and why they are specifically mentioned?
These bonds don't like to share electrons but they do transfer one or more electrons from one valence orbital to another valence orbital. Also known as giving away electrons.
Ionic bonds create an imbalance of protons and electrons therefore creating a charged atom.
Na+ and Cl- as in Salt NaCl. You need to know how this looks and be able to draw it! Why does Na become positive and Cl become negative?
This chemical reaction equation needs to have the same amount of atoms of each element on both sides. One of the coefficients is missing. Which one?
C3H8 + O2 → 3CO2 + 4H2O
(Hint: count the number of atoms of each element on the left and then on the right - they should match and it will take a minute)
The oxygen on the reactant side needs a 5 in front of it.
There are 3 Carbons on both sides
8 Hydrogens on both sides and the equation shows 10 Oxygen on the product side, so 10 need to be on the reactant side.
In a solution, water is considered the (solvent, solute).
What is the solvent?
Water is known as the universal solvent.
An increase in H+ ions.
What is an acid?
When an element has more than one version of itself differing in it's atomic mass.
What is an isotope?
Isotopes of one element have the SAME # of protons and DIFFERENT # of neutrons which makes the mass of the atom different.
Oxygen in a water molecule is charged and hydrogen is charged. Oxygen is more this in the molecule and pulls the hydrogen closer to itself.
What is electronegative?
In a beaker of water molecules, each water molecule has hydrogen bonded to oxygen in _________ bonds, but each water molecule is bound together with ________ bonds.
What are polar covalent bonds and hydrogen bonds?
This is when water molecules stick to other molecules other than water molecules.
What is adhesion?
Donates H+ ions when condistions become too basic and accepts OH- ions when conditions become too acidic.
What is a buffer?
A compound contains two or more different of these in a fixed ratio.
What are elements?
This is what happens to hydrogen bonds when ice melts.
What is H bonds become less stable and become partially broken?
This law states that matter can neither be created or destroyed.
What is the Law of Conservation of Mass/Matter?
This kind of solution: Hot water mixed with instant coffee and a touch of sugar makes the best coffee in a pinch.
What is an aqueous solution?
The pH scale increases or decreases by this amount with each change in pH.
What is tenfold?