Matter, Energy, Life
Physical Changes
Chemical Changes
Water
Carbon
100

What is the smallest unit of matter?

Atoms

100

What is the name for the process by which one substance is broken up into smaller pieces, usually ions, by another substance?

Dissolving

100

What are the reactants in the following chemical equation:

C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6H2O + 6CO2

Glucose + Oxygen --> Water + Carbon Dioxide

Glucose and oxygen

100

What property of water allows it to adhere, cohere, and dissolve substances?

Water is Polar
100

What property of carbon makes it flexible?

4 valence electrons - this enables carbon to form 4 covalent bonds which can be single, double, or triple bonds

200

What are the 3 parts of an atom?

Protons, Neutrons, Electrons

200

What is Brownian motion?

The random motion of particles due to their collision with one another, particularly for very very small particles such as atoms

200

The products of which kind of reaction have products with higher energy than the reactants

Recall:

Reactant + Reactant --> Product + Product

Endothermic Reaction

200

Describe the electron cloud distribution of a water molecule. What kind of charges result from this distribution?

The oxygen atom pulls on the electrons more than the hydrogen atoms resulting in a partial negative charge on the oxygen, and a partial positive charge at the hydrogen atoms.
200

List all 4 carbon compounds we discussed in class on Tuesday

1. Carbohydrates

2. Lipids

3. Proteins/Amino Acids

4. Nucleic Acids

300

Which is the cation in this ionic compound:

NaCl

NaCl is composed of the ions Na+ and Cl-

The cation is Na+

300

Which is the solute, and which is the solvent in a solution of salt water?

Salt = Solute

Water = Solvent

300

What are the defining features of an exothermic reaction? List at least 2 for credit

1. Products are lower energy than reactants

2. Release of heat/light energy during the reaction

3. Low activation energy

300

What is the name of the intermolecular force that water is able to participate in?

Hydrogen bonding

300

Which carbon compound is the below an example of?


Lipids

400
What do catalysts do for reactions? How do they act on them?

They make reactions more efficient by decreasing activation energy.

400

Describe why water is a good solvent

Because water is polar, it is able to bind with the components of ionic compounds to separate them

400
Why are nucleic acids important to the function of life?

They make up DNA and RNA, which stores information necessary for life

500

Where does a substrate bind to an enzyme?

The active site

M
e
n
u