What is the smallest unit of matter?
Atoms
What is the name for the process by which one substance is broken up into smaller pieces, usually ions, by another substance?
Dissolving
What are the reactants in the following chemical equation:
C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6H2O + 6CO2
Glucose + Oxygen --> Water + Carbon Dioxide
Glucose and oxygen
What property of water allows it to adhere, cohere, and dissolve substances?
What property of carbon makes it flexible?
4 valence electrons - this enables carbon to form 4 covalent bonds which can be single, double, or triple bonds
What are the 3 parts of an atom?
Protons, Neutrons, Electrons
What is Brownian motion?
The random motion of particles due to their collision with one another, particularly for very very small particles such as atoms
The products of which kind of reaction have products with higher energy than the reactants
Recall:
Reactant + Reactant --> Product + Product
Endothermic Reaction
Describe the electron cloud distribution of a water molecule. What kind of charges result from this distribution?
List all 4 carbon compounds we discussed in class on Tuesday
1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins/Amino Acids
4. Nucleic Acids
Which is the cation in this ionic compound:
NaCl
NaCl is composed of the ions Na+ and Cl-
The cation is Na+
Which is the solute, and which is the solvent in a solution of salt water?
Salt = Solute
Water = Solvent
What are the defining features of an exothermic reaction? List at least 2 for credit
1. Products are lower energy than reactants
2. Release of heat/light energy during the reaction
3. Low activation energy
What is the name of the intermolecular force that water is able to participate in?
Hydrogen bonding
Which carbon compound is the below an example of?
Lipids
They make reactions more efficient by decreasing activation energy.
Describe why water is a good solvent
Because water is polar, it is able to bind with the components of ionic compounds to separate them
They make up DNA and RNA, which stores information necessary for life
Where does a substrate bind to an enzyme?
The active site