Intro to FC
This region of Southwest Asia was known for its fertile land and was shaped somewhat like a crescent.
What is the Fertile Crescent?
This civilization developed in southern Mesopotamia between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers.
Who were the Sumerians?
This system allowed Mesopotamian farmers to bring water to their crops.
What is irrigation?
This Akkadian ruler conquered Sumer and created what is often described in the unit as the world's first empire.
Who was Sargon?
The Phoenicians lived along the coast of this sea.
What is the Mediterranean Sea?
These two major rivers flowed through Mesopotamia and supported early agriculture.
What are the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers?
Sumer was divided into independent cities called these.
What are city-states?
Irrigation helped farmers by providing water to crops during this type of weather.
What is dry weather?
An empire is a group of many different lands ruled by this.
What is one ruler?
Phoenicia's location along the Mediterranean encouraged the Phoenicians to become heavily involved in this activity.
What is trade?
The word Mesopotamia means this.
What is "land between the rivers"?
This Sumerian writing system used marks made with a stylus pressed into damp clay.
What is cuneiform?
Which group was part of the upper class in Sumer: farmers, soldiers, merchants, or priests?
Who were the priests?
This empire stretched farthest into Asia Minor according to the unit map
What is the Assyrian Empire?
The Phoenicians established settlements such as this important city in North Africa.
What is Carthage?
Early humans often settled in river valleys because they needed this resource for farming and daily life.
What is water?
Why was Sumerian writing difficult to learn?
What is because it included more than 500 characters?
This is the belief in more than one god(s)
What is polytheism?
This empire existed from approximately 605–539 B.C.E. and had Babylon as an important city.
What is the Neo-Babylonian Empire?
How did Phoenicia's geography affect its economy and culture?
Its location along the Mediterranean coast encouraged seafaring, trade, and contact with other peoples, which influenced Phoenician economic and cultural development.
The Fertile Crescent included several important geographic features. Name two bodies of water that helped define the region. *Not including Tigris/Euphrates*
Mediterranean Sea, Persian Gulf, Nile River
Name two purposes for which the Sumerians used cuneiform.
Possible answers include
keeping records, recording business agreements, communicating information, and preserving ideas.
Early civilizations developed different levels of government/ Place these in order from most to least powerful
Colony, Empire, Province
Sargon conquered Sumerian cities and created an empire. Why was this different from the political organization of individual Sumerian city-states?
A city-state had its own government, while an empire brought multiple lands and cities under one ruler. Sargon's conquests united previously independent areas under his control.
Tyre, a Phoenician port city, was one center for manufacturing a valuable dye for fabrics using this
Mollusk Shells (Snails)