Matter
Water
Carbon Compounds
Chemical Reactions
100
The basic unit of matter is the ______________.
Atom
100
Water is the greatest ___________ in the world
solvent
100
Polysaccharides are formed through a process known as _________.
polymerization
100
Proteins that speed up the rate of chemical reactions in the cell without requiring high temperatures are __________.
enzymes
200
What are the subatomic particles that make up an atom?
protons, electrons, neutrons
200
A water molecule is _______ because there is an uneven distribution of electrons between the Hydrogen and Oxygen atoms.
polar
200
_________ are important parts of biological membranes and waterproof coverings.
Lipids
200
Chemical reactions that ________ energy will not occur without a source of energy.
Absorb
300
What is an isotope?
Atom of an element that has a number of neutrons different from that of other atoms of the same element.
300
Regarding H+. What is the difference between an acid and a base?
Acid – higher concentration of H+ ions that pure water Base – lower concentration of H+ ions that pure water
300
Distinguish between DNA and RNA
DNA – has the sugar deoxyribose RNA - has the sugar ribose
300
Describe the general equation X + Y = XY in words
X reacts with Y to form the product XY
400
Name the two types of chemical bonds. Explain the difference between them.
Ionic – Gain or lose electrons Covalent – Share electrons
400
Explain the difference between adhesion and cohesion.
Adhesion – attraction between molecules of different substances Cohesion – attraction of molecules of the same substance
400
What are the three parts of a nucleotide?
5 – carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
400
What are two factors that can influence enzyme activity?
Temperature and pH
500
What are charges and locations of the subatomic particles that make up an atom?
Protons – positive – nucleus Neutrons – neutral – nucleus Electrons – negative – surrounding nucleus
500
Compare and contrast solutions and suspensions and give an common example of each type.
Solution – mixed throughout Suspension – non-dissolved material in mixture
500
Identify the four groups of organic compounds found in living things?
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Nucleic Acids, and Proteins
500
Name three essential roles that enzymes play in chemical reactions
Regulating chemical reactions, Making materials that cells need, Releasing energy, Transferring Information
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