Vocabulary
100: What word means a rock carving made by people?
Petroglyph
100: Are petroglyphs a primary or secondary source?
Primary
100: What natural force scratched rocks across Minnesota?
Glaciers
100: Name three types of carvings found at Jeffers.
Animals (bison, bears, wolves, turtles, elk), human stick figures, weapons or headdresses
100: What is the scientific method used for?
To test ideas and answer questions using experiments and observations
200: What do we call an object made or used by humans?
Artifact
200: Is a history textbook a primary or secondary source?
Secondary
200: What type of rock makes up Red Rock Ridge?
Quartzite (hard stone)
200: Why do many Native elders consider Jeffers a sacred place?
It provides guidance, connects people to ancestors, and is a site of spiritual significance
200: What is the first step of the scientific method?
Ask a question
300: Who studies past human life using physical evidence?
Archaeologist
300: Are oral histories considered primary sources? Why?
Yes, they are primary because they come directly from people with knowledge of events.
300: What are outcroppings?
Places where rock is visible above the soil
300: Name two possible meanings of the handprints at Jeffers.
Friendship and grief, death, a spiritual journey, or a celebration of culture.
300: What is a hypothesis?
An educated guess that can be tested
400: What is an educated guess called in the scientific method?
Hypothesis
400: Is an archaeologist’s report a primary or secondary source?
Secondary
400: When did the last glacier melt away from Minnesota?
About 12,500 years ago
400: Why might different tribes have visited Jeffers?
To trade, share ideas, and connect with others
400: Why is recording findings important in the scientific method?
It allows scientists to track results and compare to hypotheses
500: What word describes how a person sees and understands the world?
Perspective
500: Explain why burial mounds are considered primary sources.
They are physical evidence created by people in the past.
500: How did glaciers shape Minnesota’s landscape?
Glaciers carved the land, shaped ridges, and left rocks and soil deposits
500: How do oral histories help explain the carvings at Jeffers?
They provide cultural context, traditions, and explanations for the symbols
500: How does the scientific method help archaeologists understand the past?
It provides a structured way to gather evidence and interpret human history