Theorists
Succession of 8 hierarchical needs, divided into deficiency needs (physiological, safety, belongingness and love, and esteem needs) and growth needs (need for knowledge and understanding, aesthetic needs, self actualization, and transcendence).
Maslow's Hierarchy of Need
English Learners (ELs) are the fastest growing group of students in U.S. schools: in 2018, they comprised 10.2% of learners, totaling over _____ million students.
5
Unique learning plan for students with disabilities developed annually by a team that includes general and special education teachers, administrators, the student’s parents and the student (when age-appropriate).
Individualized Learning Plan (IEP)
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act specifically applies to __________.
schools
Ways in which we organize information as we confront new ideas
Schema
Theory created by Howard Gardner in 2004. They include musical, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, verbal-linguistic, logical-mathematical, naturalistic, intrapersonal, and visual-spatial
Multiple Intelligences theory
Most ESL / ESOL programs are _____ programs where small groups of students work with the ESL teacher during certain parts of the day, depending on student and ESL teacher schedules.
Pull-out
The Education for All handicapped Children Act (EAHCA) was passed in what year?
1975
Specific section of the 1973 Rehabilitation Act that forbids organizations (including schools) from excluding or denying services to individuals with disabilities.
Section 504
Realization that things continue to exist even if they are not in view. Developed during the sensorimotor stage of cognitive development, according to Piaget.
Object Permanence
Cognitive development theorist who identified four stages of cognitive development in children: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational and formal operational.
Piaget
Early terminology to refer to English Learners (Els). Problematic in its deficit framing.
Limited English Proficiency
2004 reauthorization of the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA) that defines 14 specific disability categories.
Individuals with Disabilites Education Improvement Act (IDEiA)
Name one type of modification that can be used in a 504 plan.
providing technology with speech-to-text features (for a student with physical impairments that affect writing)
chair with armrests (for a student with core stability issues)
Cloased captioning of videos
Worldview developed during the preoperational stage of Piaget’s cognitive developmental theory that means children see the world from their own perspective and not other points of view.
Egocentrism
A theory of child development which outlines five levels of influence from a student’s environment: individual, microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, and macrosystem.
Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory
Consortium that designed standards for and assessments of assessing English language skills for ELs.
WIDA - World Class Instructional Design and Assessment
A substantial alteration that reduces the complexity of the learning standard for a student is known as a/an ___.
modification
Stipulation of IDEiA that students with special needs must receive specially designed instruction, including special education and accommodations, that allows them to make meaningful progress toward the curriculum and their individual learning goals. All of these services must be provided at public expense.
Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE)
Research-based interventions to meet student needs and to collect progress monitoring data to support education decision making.
Response To Intervention (RTI)
Approach toward learning that centers social interactions as opportunities for constructing new knowledge. Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory and zone of proximal development are examples
Social Constructivism
The WIDA standards were developed in response to the ______________ Act.
No Child Left Behind
Framework for instructional design to meet the needs of all learners in which teachers develop lessons around three core concepts that support accessibility: engagement, representation, and expression.
Universal Design for Learning (UDL)
Expectation that students with disabilities must be educated in the same setting as their peers who do not have disabilities, unless it is not possible for the students to make progress in that setting even when additional supports are added.
Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)
Ability to monitor and think about your own thinking.
Metacognition