Structure of the nervous system
The nervous system is
What is an extensive network of specialized cells that carry information to and from all parts of the body?
What are Glial cells?
The most important cells in the central nervous system support the functions of neurons.
True or false: Neurons can be turned on and off.
True.
What are the three main types of neurons?
Sensory Neurons
Motor Neurons
Interneurons
What is the cortex?
The outermost layer of the brain and is responsible for many higher-level brain functions,the outer layer of your brain's surface, located on top of the cerebrum.
What makes up the nervous system?
The nervous system is made up of the brain, spinal cord, and a network of nerves that branch out from the spinal cord to all parts of the body.
What function do Glial Cells serve?
They provide support for the neurons to grow on and around, deliver nutrients to neurons, produce myelin to coat axons.
Describe the synapse gap:
The space between two neurons where nerve impulses are transmitted.
What are the primary functions of those neurons?
neurons is to receive, process, and transmit electrical signals throughout the nervous system .
What does the Limbic System involve?
The limbic system is a complex set of structures located in the brain that plays a crucial role in emotions, memory, and certain aspects of behavior.
What is a neuron and how many parts does it have?
A neuron is the basic cell of the nervous system. It receives and sends messages. Its three parts are the dendrites, soma, and axon.
What is a myelin Cell?
Fatty substances produced by certain glial cells coat the axons of neurons to insulate, protect, and speed up the neutral impulse.
What happens when a neuron receives a signal?
allowing ions to flow across the membrane .
Which neurotransmitter is responsible for learning, memory, and nervous system formation?
The neurotransmitter primarily responsible for learning, memory, and the formation of the nervous system is glutamate.
Explain the association areas of the cortex.
The association areas of the cortex are regions of the cerebral cortex that integrate and process information from different sensory modalities and higher cognitive functions.
What functions does each part of a neuron serve?
A dendrite receives messages from other neurons. The soma tells the dendrite and axon what to do. The axon carries the message to the other cells.
What happens when you damage myelin?
Nerve impulses stop or slow, which can cause neurological symptoms called demyelination.
What is the role of neurotransmitters in neuron communication, and how do they influence signal transmission across synapses?
Neurotransmitters play a crucial role in neuron communication by serving as the chemical messengers that transmit signals across synapses
What is the difference between sensory and motor neurons?
The primary distinction between sensory neurons and motor neurons lies in their respective functions and the direction in which they transmit information within the nervous system.
What is neuroplasticity?
the brain's remarkable ability to reorganize and adapt by forming new neural connections throughout life.
How do the neurons communicate with each other?
Neurons communicate with each other by sending electrical signals across the synapses using neurotransmitters.
How do brain cells interact?
They interact through a combination of electrical and chemical signals.
How do excitatory and inhibitory signals from other neurons affect the likelihood of a neuron firing an action potential?
Excitatory signals from other neurons increase the likelihood of a neuron firing an action potential, while inhibitory signals decrease the likelihood .
How do sensory neurons differ from motor neurons in terms of their roles in the nervous system?
Sensory neurons bring signals into the CNS, and motor neurons carry signals out of the CNS .
What is the motor cortex and where is it located?
The motor cortex is located in the frontal lobe of the brain, specifically in the precentral gyrus, which is situated just anterior (in front of) the central sulcus.