Chemistry
what is in the center of an atom?
nucleus
what elements make up a protein?
CHON
what elements make up lipids?
CH and very little O
what elements are in carbs + their ratio?
CHO (1:2:1)
what elements are in nucleic acids?
CHONP
the difference between a molecule and a compound is...
molecule is 2 or more atoms and a compound is 2 or more different atoms
monomer of protein
amino acids
true or false: lipids mix with water
false
how many calories are in a gram of carbs?
4
what form are nucleic acids in your body?
DNA + RNA
an atoms atomic number is made up of what?
how many protons are in the nucleus
what are the monomers of proteins joined by?
peptide bonds
what are the 2 types of fat and which one is better for you?
saturated and unsaturated (better)
what shape is a carb molecule in?
a ring
what is the function of nucleic acids?
information storage
the type of bond that is the second strongest (sharing electrons)
covalent bond
purpose of an enzyme and how does temperature relate?
speed up chemical reactions, work best at optimal temperature
function of lipids
hormones (chemical messengers) + long term energy storage
what is the monomer and polymer of carbs?
what are the monomers of nucleic acids?
nucleotides
if lemon juice has a pH of 2 and tomato juice has a pH of 4 which substance has more hydroxide ions? (OH-)
tomato juice (less acidic)
why are proteins important for carb and lipid digestion in the body?
they create the enzymes that are needed to break them down
what is a monomer of a lipid?
glycerol and fatty acids
what is the difference between simple and complex carbs? Which one is better and why?
simple carbs break down into sugar quickly and increase your blood glucose levels and complex carbs are paired with fiber which lessen your blood sugar spike
where is the DNA stored in your body and how is it related to reproduction?
nucleus of your cells and you need to replicate your DNA to pass on your genes to reproduce