Cell Theory & Chemistry
He looked at cork under a microscope and discovered cells.
Who is Robert Hooke?
This protective, semipermeable barrier supports and controls what enters and leaves the cell.
What is the cell membrane?
In a eukaryotic cell, the genetic information (DNA) is safely stored here.
Where is the nucleus?
This type of transport moves substances across the cell membrane without using cellular energy.
What is passive transport?
This is the usable form of chemical energy that our cells use.
What is ATP?
The 3 parts of the cell theory state that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and all cells come from...
What are preexisting cells?
This rigid outer layer protects plant cells, fungi, and bacteria.
What is the cell wall?
Energy is processed in an animal cell here, which acts as the powerhouse.
Where is the mitochondria?
The diffusion of water molecules specifically across a membrane.
What is osmosis?
This first step of cellular respiration breaks down glucose into smaller molecules in the cytoplasm without using oxygen.
What is glycolysis?
This is the main ingredient found in every cell, which is important because it surrounds cells, helps insulate, and maintains homeostasis.
What is water?
This fluid substance inside the cell contains all the organelles and the cytoskeleton.
What is the cytoplasm?
These green organelles capture light energy to process energy in a plant cell.
What are chloroplasts?
The two special proteins used in facilitated diffusion to help move molecules across the membrane.
What are carrier proteins and channel proteins?
This alternative energy-release pathway happens in cells when oxygen levels are low, creating products like lactic acid.
What is fermentation?
These are the 4 macromolecules found in cells.
What are nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates?
This network of threadlike proteins gives a cell its shape and helps it move.
What is the cytoskeleton?
This organelle processes and proteins (Rough ER) and lipids (Smooth ER).
What is the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)?
This process describes a cell taking in a substance by surrounding it with the cell membrane, contrasted by its exit counterpart.
What is endocytosis (and exocytosis)?
This process converts light energy, water, and carbon dioxide into food (glucose) and oxygen, taking place in the chloroplasts.
What is photosynthesis?
This macromolecule provides long-term energy storage and protective membranes, while another stores genetic information (DNA/RNA)
What are lipids and nucleic acids?
This term refers to any membrane-bound structure inside a eukaryotic cell with a specialized function.
What is an organelle?
This organelle prepares proteins into vesicles for specific jobs and packages them up, working alongside the ER.
What is the Golgi apparatus?
The relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration where the products of one process are the reactants of the other.
What is a continuous cycle relationship?