Kingdom of the Nile
Egyptian Civilization
Ancient Sumer
Empire Builders
Roots of Judaism
100
Why is Egypt so dependent on the Nile?
Gives them fertile soil to farm- or would be a desert.
100
Define: Monotheism ans Polytheism
Monotheism is the belief in one god. Polytheism is the belief in many gods.
100
What is the Fertile Crescent? Mesopotamia?
The Fertile Crescent is an arc of land from Persian Gulf to Med Sea. Mesopotamia is the land between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers.
100
What was Sargon the I the first to do?
Build the first empire (group of territories controlled by one ruler)
100
who was Abraham?
Founder of Judaism- made covenant with God to set up 1st monotheistic religion
200
Why is Upper Egypt further south than Lower Egypt?
Upper is closer to source of river, it is at a higher elevation.
200
Why did Amenhotep change his name to Akhenaton?
Wanted to worship 1 god - Aton wanted to make Egypt monotheistic
200
What Sumerian epic appears in part in the Bible? Why?
The Epic Of Gilgamesh, Noah and the flood/Babylonian Captivity
200
Who was Hammurabi? Why is he so important to history?
1790 BCE- Babylonian Empreror- CODIFIED LAW- carved into stone pillar for all to see
200
What were the Ten Commandments given to Moses similar to? How?
Hammurabi's Code- laws set up to guide life by similar to eye for an eye
300
What did Egyptians believe about pharaohs? Why?
Believed they were gods. They had absolute power over all.
300
Name one right women had in Ancient Egypt
-inherit property -do business -trade -go to court -get divorced
300
How did the Sumerians feel about gods and goddesses? How is this different from the way the Egyptians felt about their gods and goddesses?
The gods are responsible for violence and suffering - due to the unpredictable flooding of the Tigris & Euphrates rivers. Egyptians had brighter view of after life- Sumerians thought it was grim.
300
What did Hittites contribute to the region?
Got iron out of ore- made weapons/tools with harder and sharper edges
300
How did David and Solomon help develop Israel?
David- united feuding tribes into one nation Solomon- built temple, negotiated peace with neighbors
400
How were Hyskos able to defeat the Egyptians?
They used horse-drawn chariots.
400
What was so important about the Rosetta Stone?
had a Greek writing on it as well as demotic and hieroglyphics- allowed translation of hierogylphics
400
What is cuneiform? List 2 other achievements of Sumerians:
Cuneiform- wedged shaped markings in clay, first writing system -mud bricks -gardening -government -temples -60 second -minute -wheel -calendar
400
What is the main differnece betwee the Assyrians and Persians as conquerors?
Assyrians were much more ruthless- Persians were more tolerant.
400
What is the Torah? During what time period was it written?
First 5 books of the Bible: Babylonian Captivity Jews in exile in Baylon under Nebuchadnezzar
500
Who was Hatshepsut? What important first did Ramses II accomplish?
First female pharaoh/peace treaty with Hittites.
500
List one advance made by ancient Egyptians in Medicine/Astronomy/Geometry
Medicine- saw symptoms, diagnosed disease, surgery, Astronomy- map constellations, chart planet, calendar Geometry- survey land, calculate exact location of blocks and temples
500
How did Sumerian achievemnts spread?
Armies swept across crossroads of trade- adopted ideas of Sumerians- Babylonian Captivity
500
List 2 achievement of the Phoenicians and their impact on the world.
Alphabet- adapted by Greeks used by us Contracts- legal agreements bill of sale- receipts
500
How was Israelites relationship with God different form other civilizations?
Monothesitic urged personal morality and social justice all equal before God leader is NOT a god must obey God's law
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