Igneous
How igneous rocks form
What is through the cooling of magma or lava?
How metamorphic rocks form
What is when a rock is changed by heat and pressure, or by chemical reactions?
How sedimentary rocks form
What is when small particles of rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together?
The three classifications of rock
What are igneous, sedimentary, and igneous rocks?
The color of a mineral's powder
What is streak?
Two types of igneous rock
Two major types of metamorphic rock
What are foliated and nonfoliated?
Most rocks are made up of particles of minerals or other rocks that geologists call these.
What are grains?
Used to rank the hardness of minerals
What is the Moh's hardness scale?
The term used to describe how light is reflected from a mineral’s surface
What is luster?
How extrusive rock forms
What is magma and lava cooling on the OUTSIDE of Earth?
When elements and compounds that are dissolved in water leave a solution
What is crystallization?
Three major groups of sedimentary rocks
What are clastic, organic, and chemical rocks?
Describes how a mineral looks when it breaks apart in an irregular way
What is fracture?
A mineral that splits easily along the surfaces has this property
How intrusive rock forms
What is magma cooling UNDERNEATH the surface?
How metamorphic rock is used today.
What is for building and sculpture?
The look and feel of the rock’s surface
What is texture?
Geologists classify rocks according to this, or how the rock was formed
What is origin?
The process by which atoms are arranged to form a material that has a crystal structure.
What is crystallization?
Examples of igneous rock
What are granite, pumice, or obsidian?
Example of metamorphic rock
What are marble, slate?
Examples of sedimentary rock
What are sandstone, limestone?
To study a rock sample, geologists observe this.
What are mineral composition, color, and texture?
All 5 characteristics of a mineral
What are naturally occurring, solid, crystal structure, forms by inorganic processes, and definite chemical composition?