Vocabulary
Define Gems
rare and beautiful minerals that are highly prized
qualities of a stone that make it a gemstone
a. usefulness, profitability
b. lightness, durability
c. ilmentite, rutile
d. automobiles, aircraft
e. beauty, rarity
e. beauty, rarity
False: a mineral is a crystalline SOLID
Most minerals are composed of _______ combined with other elements.
a. carbon and hydrogen
b. calcium and oxygen
c. silicon and oxygen
d. chlorine and sodium
c. silicon and oxygen
A mineral is naturally occurring. Define naturally occurring.
Formed by processes on or inside Earth with no input from humans
Define Hardness of a mineral and state what scale is used to compare hardness.
a measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched; the Mohs scale compares mineral hardness
minerals mined for titanium
a. quartz, fluorite
b. hematite, gypsum
c. ilmentite, rutile
c. ilmenite, rutile
True/False: When magma cools, some minerals form
a. a hexagon
b. a cube
c. a liquid
d. none of these
d. none of these; a mineral can be a variety of shapes and is a SOLID
A mineral is inorganic. Define inorganic.
Not made by life processes
Explain how minerals with cleavage break vs. how minerals with fracture break?
Cleavage - breaks with smooth, flat surfaces
Fracture - breaks with uneven, rough, or jagged surfaces
properties that make titanium useful for tennis rackets and wheelchairs
a. usefulness, profitability
b. lightness, durability
c. ilmentite, rutile
d. automobiles, aircraft
e. beauty, rarity
b. lightness, durability
True/False: The phrase "crystal structure" refers to the repeating patterns in which atoms are arranged in a crystal
True
a. vein mineral deposits
b. beach sands
c. magma formed rocks
d. all of the above
d. All of the above
A mineral is an element or compound with a definite chemical ________________.
a. composition
b. interaction
a. Composition
Define Streak
the color of a mineral in powdered form (but the streak test is useful only for minerals softer than the streak plate)
products in which titanium is used
a. rings, necklaces
b. tennis balls, basketballs
c. pencils, drawing materials
d. automobiles, aircraft
d. automobiles and aircrafts
False - Mineral IONS come together to form crystals.
All of the following are minerals EXCEPT:
a. quartz
b. salt
c. gold
d. sugar
d. sugar
A mineral has an orderly arrangement of atoms; all minerals are crystalline ___________.
a. liquid
b. gas
c. solid
solids
Define specific gravity
(hint: it's a ratio)
The ratio of a mineral's weight to the weight of an equal volume of water (expressed as a number)
qualities of a mineral that classify it as an ore are...
a. usefulness, profitability
b. lightness, durability
c. ilmentite, rutile
d. automobiles, aircraft
e. beauty, rarity
usefulness, profitability
True or False: Minerals called ores are mined because they contain beautiful substances
False; they contain USEFUL substances
Most common rock-forming minerals are ______________
a. gems
b. ores
c. silicates
d. oxides
c. silicates
State all 4 characteristics of a mineral
1. Naturally occurring
2. Inorganic
3. Element or compound with a definite chemical composition
4. Orderly arrangement of atoms, all minerals are crystalline solids