Matter
What is made up of matter?
Everything (except space)
When solid changes to liquid, this is called...
melting
Which state of matter has the most space between particles?
gas
The melting/freezing point of water is 0 deg C. Is this an example of a chemical or physical property?
physical property
When matter is heated, does the kinetic energy of particles increase, decrease or stay the same?
increase
What are the three main states of matter?
solid, liquid, gas
To change the state of matter, we need to add or remove what?
energy/heat
True or False. The particles in a solid do not move.
False
Which state(s) of matter can be compressed?
gases only
hot
What is matter?
Anything that has mass and volume
changing from gas to liquid
What does the word kinetic mean?
movement
How do you calculate density?
density = mass/volume
Which state of matter expands the most when heated?
gases
State two properties of solids
Fixed shape, fixed volume (cannot be compressed), high density, particles close together, strong attraction between particles
When solid changes to gas, this is called...
sublimation
Why are solids and liquids heavier than gases?
What is viscosity?
'thickness' of a liquid or resistance to flow
What is unique about water when it becomes a solid (ice)?
It expands (is less dense). Ice floats on water.
Give two examples of the types of particles that make up matter.
atoms, molecules, ions
At what temperature does water change from a liquid to a gas?
100 deg C
Diffusion occurs faster in gases than liquids. Explain.
Particles are moving faster in gases and there is a lot of space between particles (therefore collisions occur less frequently). This allows mixing to occur more quickly.
Why do some solids have a much higher density than others? eg. why is lead more dense than aluminium?
different types of atoms (elements) have different masses
Why does gas pressure increase with increased temperature? (use the particle model to explain)
Particles have more kinetic energy at higher temperatures so they move faster, colliding more frequently with the walls of the container.