Chem
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
100
What is matter
Is made up of atoms. Atoms join together to form chemicals with different characteristics
100
What 3 elements make up carbohydrates?
What is: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
100
What are the three important functions for triglycerides aka neutral fats.
Energy source, Insulation, Protection
100
What are the basic elements that make up proteins? (4)
C H N O
100
This did not fit in the protein section: Loss of shape and function due to heat or pH is called
Denaturation
200
What is an isotopes? What changes/number/amount
are the specific version of an element based on its mass number. Mass number = number of protons plus the number of neutrons. Only neutrons are different because the number of protons determines the element
200
There are 3 types of carbohydrates. (Hint the def of one of these is "two sugars'
What is: Monosaccharide — simple sugar, Disaccharide — two sugars, Polysaccharide — many sugars
200
Fatty acids are long chains of carbon and hydrogen with a CARBOXYL GROUP at one end... Can you write out what this looks like?
What is: COOH
200
What is an enzyme? does it get used up in the reaction?
Enzymes are biological catalysts. Proteins that lower the activation energy of a chemical reaction Are not changed or used up in the reaction
200
What are the two type of Purines
Adenine and Guanine
300
What are the three type of bonds
Covalent, Ionic, Hydrogen
300
Glucose and Fructose are two examples of this carbohydrate. It has simple sugars
What is: Monosaccharide
300
Give two examples of a lipid. There are 5 in total
What is: Fatty acids, Eicosanoids, Glycerides, Steroids, Phospholipids and glycolipids
300
What are the four protein structures? List what two of them do/talk about folding.
Primary structure The sequence of amino acids along a polypeptide Secondary structure Hydrogen bonds form spirals or pleats Tertiary structure Secondary structure folds into a unique shape Quaternary structure Final protein shape — several tertiary structures together
300
What are the 3 Pyrimidines and which one is in DNA only and which one is in RNA
Cytosine, Thymine (DNA), Uracil (RNA)
400
Is water polar or nonpolar?
POLAR
400
Sucrose, maltose are examples of this type of carbohydrate. It has two simple sugars that are condensed by dehydration synthesis (gives off water)
What is: Disaccharide
400
What type of bond does a UNsaturated fatty acid have? (not looking for covalent or ionic)
What is: a double bond C=C
400
There are 7 different protein functions name four of them. (hint stand up)
Support Structural proteins - Movement Contractile proteins - Transport (carrier) proteins - Buffering Regulation of pH - Metabolic Regulation Enzymes - Coordination and Control Hormones - Defense Antibodies
400
What are the three types of RNA and why are they named that way.
Messenger RNA (mRNA), Transfer RNA (tRNA), Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
500
What bonds form for make surface tension?
Hydrogen bonds
500
This process reverses the steps of dehydration synthesis; a complex molecule is broken down by the addition of a water molecule.
What is: Hydrolysis
500
This is derived from the fatty acid and is active in the immune system.
What is: Leukotrienes
500
What make up an amino acid? (looking for 4 things)
500
What is Metabolic Turnover
Metabolic turnover lets your body grow, change, and adapt to new conditions and activities. Your body recycles and renews all of its chemical components at intervals ranging from minutes to years