Meristem
These cells divide continuously and allow plants to grow throughout life.
Meristem cells.
Waxy covering that prevents water loss.
Cuticle.
Least specialized ground tissue cells.
Parenchyma cells.
Transports water and minerals upward.
Xylem.
Growth that increases plant length.
Primary growth.
Meristems found at the root tip and terminal bud.
Apical Meristems.
Tiny openings used for gas exchange.
Stomata.
Flexible support cells found beneath the epidermis.
Collenchyma cells.
Transports sucrose and other organic compounds.
Phloem.
Growth that increases plant girth.
Secondary growth.
Meristem responsible for secondary growth.
Vascular cambium
Cells that regulate the opening and closing of stomata.
Guard cells.
Thick-walled support cells strengthened with lignin.
Sclerenchyma cells.
Two conduction cell types found in xylem.
Vessel elements and tracheids.
Meristem that produces cork cells.
Cork cambium.
Three tissue systems produced from apical meristems.
Epidermal, ground, and vascular tissue
Hairlike projections that increase water and mineral absorption.
Root hairs.
Ground tissue cells responsible for photosynthesis and storage.
Parenchyma cells.
Conduction phloem cells that lack nuclei.
Tissue that produces new xylem and phloem.
Vascular cambium.
Difference between apical meristems and vascular cambium.
Apical meristems cause primary growth (length); vascular cambium causes secondary growth (width/girth).
Waterproof substance deposited in cork cell walls.
Suberin.
Compare the three ground tissue cell types.
Parenchyma = photosynthesis/storage; Collenchyma = flexible support; Sclerenchyma = rigid support, dead at maturity, lignified walls.
Compare xylem and phloem.
Xylem transports water/minerals, mostly dead cells (vessel elements & tracheid's). Phloem transports sucrose/organic compounds, living sieve-tube members with companion cells.
Compare primary and secondary growth.
Primary growth increases length; secondary growth increases width/girth.