Monocots vs. Eudicots
Plants with one cotyledon are called...
Monocots.
Nutrients a plant cannot live without are called...
Essential nutrients.
Macronutrient needed to make proteins.
Nitrogen (N)
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria live in these structures.
Root nodules.
The three numbers on fertilizer bags are called the...
NPK ratio.
Plants with two cotyledons are called...
Eudicots.
Two categories of essential nutrients.
Plants cannot directly use atmospheric nitrogen because it is in this form.
N2 gas
Fungi that form mutualistic relationships with roots.
Mycorrhizal fungi
The "N" in NPK stands for..
Nitrogen
Monocot leaf veins are arranged how?
Parallel veins.
Nutrients needed in large amounts.
MACROnutrients
Bacteria convert N₂ into these usable forms.
Nitrate (NO₃⁻) or ammonium (NH₄⁺)
What do plants provide mycorrhizal fungi?
Sugars and amino acids.
Phosphorus mainly promotes healthy _______.
Roots.
Compare vascular bundle arrangement in monocot vs. eudicot stems.
Monocots = scattered; Eudicots = ring
Nutrients needed in very small amounts.
micronutrients.
Why do carnivorous plants trap insects?
They grow in nitrogen-poor soils and obtain nitrogen from insects.
Benefits fungi provide plants.
Increased water absorption and mineral uptake
Potassium helps produce this molecule used in photosynthesis.
Chlorophyll
Name five differences between monocots and eudicots.
1 cotyledon vs. 2; parallel vs. net veins; scattered vs. ring vascular bundles; root ring vs. star-shaped xylem; different flower-part numbers
Name five macronutrients and five micronutrients.
Macronutrients: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus (also Potassium, Sulfur, Calcium, Magnesium).
Micronutrients: Iron, Boron, Manganese, Copper, Zinc (also Chlorine, Molybdenum).
Explain why crop rotation with legumes improves soil fertility.
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria in legume root nodules convert atmospheric nitrogen into forms plants can use, enriching the soil for future crops.
Compare nitrogen-fixing bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi.
Bacteria supply usable nitrogen; fungi increase water/mineral absorption. Both receive sugars from the plant and are mutualistic.
Explain what each part of NPK does.
N: Vegetative growth/proteins. P: Healthy roots. K: Overall plant health and chlorophyll production.