protists
What are the 3 protist groups?
phytoplankton (plant-like), protozoans (animal-like), slime molds (fungi-like)
What are the 3 types of algae?
green algae, red algae, brown algae
How do protozoans reproduce?
asexually by binary fission
What ways do protists move?
cilia, flagella, & pseudopods
Give an example of a beneficial protist and a harmful protist.
Beneficial: plankton produce 80% of oxygen, detritivores recycle chemicals
Harmful: malaria, algal blooms, red tide, mold/mildew on food
What are some characteristics of protists?
- lack complex organ systems
- aquatic (freshwater or saltwater)
- eukaryotic
- unicellular or multicellular
- autotrophic or heterotrophic
- contain organisms that can't be classified in other kingdoms
How are algae classified?
What are some characteristics of protozoans?
- no cell wall
- heterotrophic
- gather nutrients by engulfing their food or by absorbing it through their membranes
What are some characteristics of molds?
- can be plasmodial or cellular
- decomposers
- have cell walls (without chitin)
- can move
What are dinoflagellates?
algae with 2 flagella that make them spin; some can secrete dangerous toxins
How do protists reproduce?
binary fission (asexual), gamete transfer (sexual), & meiosis (sexual)
What are some characteristics of phytoplankton?
- autotrophic
- supply oxygen
- have cell walls
How are protozoans classified?
by type of locomotion (flagella and cilia)
What is the difference between plasmodial slime molds and cellular slime molds?
Plasmodial slime molds: giant cells with many nuclei; called plasmodium and produce spores
Cellular slime molds: contain independent cells; slug-like body
What are diatoms?
unicellular algae; although, many species aggregate to form chains
How are protists classified?
classified by how they eat and move
What ways do protists eat?
- ooze along surfaces
- food vacuole
- diffusion
- digestive enzymes
- contractile vacuole
How do amoeba and paramecium eat?
amoeba = by phagocytosis
paramecium = via an oral groove
Give 2 examples of slime molds.
- acrasia
- protostelia
What is a frustule?
glassy cell wall made of silica that encloses diatom cells; consists of 2 tightly fitting halves