STEM CELLS 101
This type of undifferentiated cell can divide indefinitely, producing daughters that either remain stem cells or commit to differentiation
STEM CELLS
These are the most abundant cells in the intestinal epithelium and feature densely packed microvilli for nutrient absorption
ABSORPTIVE CELLS
These cells, also known as erythrocytes, remain in blood vessels to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide
RED BLOOD CELLS
These muscle stem cells are stimulated by damage to repair human skeletal muscle
MYOBLASTS
These cells are derived from a blastocyst and have the potential to give rise to almost all adult cell types
EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS
This term describes cells like hematopoietic stem cells that can give rise to several related cell types
MULTIPOTENT
These cells reside in the intestinal crypts and secrete Wnt signal proteins to maintain the stem cell population
PANETH CELLS
These white blood cells are responsible for making and secreting antibodies
B CELLS
This organ can adjust its rate of cell proliferation to restore its size after damage without relying on a dedicated stem cell population
LIVER
These cells are created by artificial expression of transcription regulators (like SOKM) to behave like embryonic stem cells
INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM (IPS)
These cells divide for a limited number of times before they reach their final, non-dividing state
TRANSIT AMPLIFYING CELLS
This heritable marker, known as LGR5, is used to identify stem cells within the intestinal crypts
STEM CELL MARKER
Found in the bone marrow, these cells produce blood platelets by pinching off small fragments of their own cytoplasm
MEGAKARYOCYTES
These sensory cells in the inner ear are considered irreplaceable because the auditory epithelium lacks stem cells
SENSORY HAIR CELLS
Loss of this critical gene causes embryonic stem cells to lose their ES-cell character
OCT4
This specialized microenvironment within a tissue is required to maintain self-renewing stem cells in close proximity
STEM CELL NICHE
This signaling pathway controls gut cell diversification and helps maintain the stem-cell state
NOTCH SIGNALING
These white blood cells exit blood vessels to phagocytose and kill invading bacteria
NEUTROPHILS
These flatworms contain neoblasts (totipotent stem cells) that allow them to regenerate their entire body
PLANARIANS
This is the name of the first sheep successfully cloned through the process of nucleus transplantation
DOLLY
This specific type of division produces one stem cell and one committed daughter cell to maintain the stem cell population
ASYMMETRIC STEM-CELL DIVISION
In the epidermis, stem cells are specifically located in this deepest layer
BASAL LAYER
This is the specific location in the body where hematopoietic stem cells are found
These flatworms contain neoblasts (totipotent stem cells) that allow them to regenerate their entire body
BLASTEMA
To avoid replicative cell senescence, embryonic stem cells express high levels of this enzyme
TELOMERASE